Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Uruguaiana (RS), Brasil.
Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria (RS), Brasil.
Codas. 2021 Jun 28;33(6):e20200254. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20202020254. eCollection 2021.
To investigate the association of sociodemographic, obstetrical and psychosocial factors with fine and gross motor developmental delay in preterm and term infants, in the age group of three months and one day to twelve months and twenty-nine days.
The term and preterm infants were evaluated by the Denver II Test for fine and gross motor skills, investigated in three phases: 165 infants in phase 1 (3 months and 1 day to 4 months and 29 days), 130 infants in stage 2 (8 months and 1 day to 9 months and 29 days) and 102 infants in phase 3 (11 months and 1 day to 12 months and 29 days). Sociodemographic, obstetrical and psychosocial data were obtained through an initial interview with family members and the psychic risk assessment through the Child Development Risk Indicators and PREAUT protocols. Statistical analysis was performed using the logistic regression model.
Significant factors in the association with fine and gross motor delay were: maternal gestational and obstetric history (planned pregnancy, type of delivery, number of prenatal consultations, use of medication and gestational intercurrence), features and biological risks of the baby (gender, mechanical ventilation, feeding difficulty), sociodemographic factors (career and level of maternal schooling, number of children and people in the house) and psychosocial issues concerning to the family routine participation and presence of psychic risk.
There was a significant association between motor development delay of the infants, environmental and biological variables, with emphasis on psychic risk.
探讨社会人口学、产科和心理社会因素与早产儿和足月儿在三个月零一天至十二个月二十九天龄时精细和粗大运动发育迟缓的关系。
通过丹佛发育筛查测试（Denver II Test）评估足月儿和早产儿的精细和粗大运动技能，共分三个阶段进行评估：第 1 阶段有 165 名婴儿（3 个月零 1 天至 4 个月零 29 天），第 2 阶段有 130 名婴儿（8 个月零 1 天至 9 个月零 29 天），第 3 阶段有 102 名婴儿（11 个月零 1 天至 12 个月零 29 天）。通过与家庭成员进行初步访谈以及通过儿童发育风险指标（Child Development Risk Indicators）和 PREAUT 方案进行心理风险评估，获得社会人口学、产科和心理社会数据。使用逻辑回归模型进行统计分析。
与精细和粗大运动发育迟缓相关的显著因素包括：母亲的妊娠和产科史（计划妊娠、分娩方式、产前咨询次数、用药和妊娠并发症）、婴儿的特征和生物学风险（性别、机械通气、喂养困难）、社会人口学因素（母亲职业和教育程度、孩子数量和家庭人口）以及家庭日常活动参与和心理风险方面的问题。
婴儿的运动发育迟缓与环境和生物学变量之间存在显著关联，重点是心理风险。
