Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Microsoft Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02143, USA.
Annu Rev Biomed Data Sci. 2021 Jul;4:123-144. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-092820-114757. Epub 2021 May 6.
The use of machine learning (ML) in healthcare raises numerous ethical concerns, especially as models can amplify existing health inequities. Here, we outline ethical considerations for equitable ML in the advancement of healthcare. Specifically, we frame ethics of ML in healthcare through the lens of social justice. We describe ongoing efforts and outline challenges in a proposed pipeline of ethical ML in health, ranging from problem selection to postdeployment considerations. We close by summarizing recommendations to address these challenges.
机器学习(ML)在医疗保健中的应用引发了众多伦理问题,尤其是因为模型可能会加剧现有的健康不平等现象。在这里,我们概述了在医疗保健中推进公平 ML 的伦理考量。具体来说,我们通过社会正义的视角来描述医疗保健中的 ML 伦理。我们描述了正在进行的努力,并概述了健康领域中拟议的伦理 ML 管道中从问题选择到部署后考虑的各个阶段所面临的挑战。最后,我们总结了应对这些挑战的建议。