School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Biology and Life Support Technology, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 102402, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Jan;106(1):369-381. doi: 10.1007/s00253-021-11685-1. Epub 2021 Dec 9.
Antibiotics have been shown to have a major impact on the composition and metabolism of gut microbiota, while unpredictable stress has been shown to have major influences on gut microbiota homeostasis. However, the impact of combination antibiotics (e.g. metronidazole and ciprofloxacin) on gut microbiota dysbiosis that is induced by stress remains unclear. Here, chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to simulate unpredictable stress, and Sprague-Dawley rats received antibiotics (metronidazole and ciprofloxacin) after CUMS. The weights and coefficients of the thymus, liver and spleen were analysed. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to determine the gut microbiota in the colon, cecum and ileum. We found that antibiotics decreased the CUMS-induced increases in spleen coefficients. Short-term antibiotic exposure significantly increased the cecum and ileum microbiota richness and significantly increased the ileum microbiota diversity after CUMS. Long-term antibiotic exposure significantly decreased the colon microbiota diversity and significantly increased the ileum microbiota richness after CUMS. The impacts of antibiotic exposure on the microbiota compositions at the phylum and genus levels in different gut segments were different after CUMS. However, it is worth noting that the most differentially abundant bacteria in the colon, cecum and ileum were all Verrucomicrobia under long-term antibiotic exposure. Antibiotic exposure significantly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the colon and ileum and significantly increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the colon and cecum after CUMS. In conclusion, this study showed that metronidazole and ciprofloxacin differentially affected the CUMS-induced changes in the microbiota of the colon, cecum and ileum.Key points• The impacts of antibiotic exposure on the changes in microbiota that were induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress were analysed.• We collected rat gut microorganisms from the colon, cecum and ileum.• The diversities, compositions, functions and network structures were analysed.
抗生素对肠道微生物群落的组成和代谢有重大影响，而不可预测的应激对肠道微生物群落的稳态有重大影响。然而，联合使用抗生素（例如甲硝唑和环丙沙星）对由应激引起的肠道微生物失调的影响尚不清楚。在这里，我们使用慢性不可预测的轻度应激（CUMS）来模拟不可预测的应激，并且在 CUMS 后，Sprague-Dawley 大鼠接受了抗生素（甲硝唑和环丙沙星）。分析了胸腺、肝脏和脾脏的重量和系数。通过 16S rRNA 基因测序来确定结肠、盲肠和回肠中的肠道微生物群。我们发现抗生素降低了 CUMS 诱导的脾脏系数增加。短期抗生素暴露在 CUMS 后显著增加了盲肠和回肠的微生物丰富度，并显著增加了回肠的微生物多样性。长期抗生素暴露在 CUMS 后显著降低了结肠微生物多样性，并显著增加了回肠的微生物丰富度。抗生素暴露对不同肠道段的微生物组成在门和属水平上的影响不同。然而，值得注意的是，在长期抗生素暴露下，结肠、盲肠和回肠中差异丰度最大的细菌都是疣微菌门。抗生素暴露在 CUMS 后显著增加了结肠和回肠中乳杆菌的相对丰度，并显著增加了结肠和盲肠中阿克曼氏菌的相对丰度。总之，本研究表明甲硝唑和环丙沙星对 CUMS 诱导的结肠、盲肠和回肠微生物群的变化有不同的影响。
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