Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12585, Egypt.
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12585, Egypt.
Drug Deliv. 2022 Dec;29(1):427-439. doi: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2032875.
Cranberry extract (CBE) is a major source of the antioxidant polyphenolics but suffers from limited bioavailability. The goal of this research was to encapsulate the nutraceutical (CBE), into bile salt augmented liposomes (BSALs) as a promising oral delivery system to potentiate its hepatoprotective impact against dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) induced liver injury in rats. The inclusion of bile salt in the liposomal structure can enhance their stability within the gastrointestinal tract and promote CBE permeability. CBE loaded BSALs formulations were fabricated utilizing a (2) factorial design to explore the impact of phospholipid type (X), phospholipid amount (X), and sodium glycocholate (SGC) amount (X) on BSALs properties, namely; entrapment efficiency percent, (EE%); vesicle size, (VS); polydispersity index; (PDI); zeta potential, (ZP); and release efficiency percent, (RE%). The optimum formulation (F1) exhibited spherical vesicles with EE% of 71.27 ± 0.32%, VS; 148.60 ± 6.46 nm, PDI; 0.38 ± 0.02, ZP; -18.27 ± 0.67 mV and RE%; 61.96 ± 1.07%. Compared to CBE solution, F1 had attenuated DMN-induced hepatic injury, as evidenced by the significant decrease in serum level of ALT, AST, ALP, MDA, and elevation of GSH level, as well as SOD and GPX activities. Furthermore, F1 exhibited an anti-inflammatory character by suppressing TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-6, as well as downregulation of VEGF-C, STAT-3, and IFN-γ mRNA levels. This study verified that when CBE was integrated into BSALs, F1, its hepatoprotective effect was significantly potentiated to protect the liver against DMN-induced damage. Therefore, F1 could be deliberated as an antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antifibrotic therapy to slow down the progression of hepatic damage.
蔓越莓提取物 (CBE) 是抗氧化多酚类物质的主要来源,但生物利用度有限。本研究的目的是将营养保健品(CBE)包封在胆汁盐增强的脂质体 (BSAL) 中,作为一种有前途的口服递送系统,以增强其对二甲基亚硝胺 (DMN) 诱导的大鼠肝损伤的肝保护作用。在脂质体结构中加入胆汁盐可以增强其在胃肠道中的稳定性,并促进 CBE 的通透性。使用(2)因子设计来制备 CBE 负载的 BSALs 制剂,以探索磷脂类型 (X)、磷脂量 (X) 和甘胆酸钠 (SGC) 量 (X) 对 BSALs 特性的影响,即包封效率百分比 (EE%);囊泡大小 (VS);多分散指数;(PDI);Zeta 电位 (ZP);和释放效率百分比 (RE%)。最佳配方 (F1) 表现出球形囊泡,EE%为 71.27±0.32%,VS;148.60±6.46nm,PDI;0.38±0.02,ZP;-18.27±0.67mV 和 RE%;61.96±1.07%。与 CBE 溶液相比,F1 减轻了 DMN 诱导的肝损伤,这表现在血清 ALT、AST、ALP、MDA 水平降低,GSH 水平升高,SOD 和 GPX 活性增强。此外,F1 通过抑制 TNF-α、MCP-1 和 IL-6 以及下调 VEGF-C、STAT-3 和 IFN-γ mRNA 水平表现出抗炎作用。这项研究证实,当 CBE 整合到 BSALs 中时,F1 的肝保护作用显著增强,以保护肝脏免受 DMN 诱导的损伤。因此,F1 可以被认为是一种抗氧化、抗增殖和抗纤维化的治疗方法,以减缓肝损伤的进展。