重症监护病房口渴的患病率和危险因素：一项观察性研究。

Prevalence of and risk factors for thirst in the intensive care unit: An observational study.

机构信息

Research Center for Nursing Theory and Practice, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.

The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.

出版信息

J Clin Nurs. 2023 Feb;32(3-4):465-476. doi: 10.1111/jocn.16257. Epub 2022 Feb 23.

DOI:10.1111/jocn.16257

PMID:35199411

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10078651/

Abstract

AIM AND OBJECTIVES

This study investigated the incidence of thirst and contributing factors in intensive care unit (ICU) patients by analysing differences in physiologic, psychological, and disease- and environment-related parameters in ICU patients with vs without thirst.

BACKGROUND

Little is known about the factors that influence thirst, and there are no standardised methods for identifying at-risk patients in the ICU. Previous studies generalised the risk of thirst in ICU patients because of a lack of data on relevant variables. Here, we examined the factors contributing to thirst based on symptom management theory.

DESIGN

Prospective descriptive design.

METHODS

Physiologic, psychological, disease-related and environment-related data were collected for 301 patients from 4 ICUs (medical, surgical, cardiac and emergency ICUs) of a hospital from 15 December 2017-10 July 2019 through a screening interview, questionnaires and from electronic medical records. The data were analysed with descriptive statistics, the t-test and chi-squared test, and by logistic regression. Binary stepwise logistic regression was used to identify thirst-associated factors. The findings are reported according to the STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies.

RESULTS

In total, 210/301 (69.8%) ICU patients experienced thirst. Risk factors were nil per os order (odds ratio [OR] = 4.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44-11.69), surgery (OR = 2.96, 95% CI: 1.11-7.93), high glucose (OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.01-11.17) and greater disease severity (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.02-1.24).

CONCLUSION

Thirst is common in ICU patients. Timely detection of patients' thirst and identification of those at high risk by ICU nurses can ensure the implementation of effective and safe interventions.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE

The results of this study highlight the need to evaluate thirst symptoms in patients with severe disease and develop relief strategies for fasting, perioperative, and hyperglycaemic patients and others who are at high risk of thirst.

摘要

目的和目标

本研究通过分析有/无口渴的重症监护病房（ICU）患者的生理、心理、疾病和环境相关参数的差异，调查 ICU 患者口渴的发生率和相关因素。

背景

对于影响口渴的因素知之甚少，而且 ICU 患者中也没有用于识别高危患者的标准化方法。由于缺乏相关变量的数据，以前的研究普遍认为 ICU 患者存在口渴风险。在这里，我们根据症状管理理论来研究导致口渴的因素。

设计

前瞻性描述性设计。

方法

从 2017 年 12 月 15 日至 2019 年 7 月 10 日，通过筛选访谈、问卷和电子病历，从 4 家医院的 4 个 ICU（内科、外科、心脏和急诊 ICU）中收集了 301 名患者的生理、心理、疾病相关和环境相关数据。使用描述性统计、t 检验和卡方检验以及逻辑回归进行数据分析。二元逐步逻辑回归用于识别口渴相关因素。研究结果根据横断面研究的 STROBE 清单报告。

结果

共有 210/301（69.8%）名 ICU 患者经历了口渴。风险因素包括禁食医嘱（优势比 [OR] = 4.10，95%置信区间 [CI]：1.44-11.69）、手术（OR = 2.96，95%CI：1.11-7.93）、高血糖（OR = 3.36，95%CI：1.01-11.17）和更高的疾病严重程度（OR = 1.13，95%CI：1.02-1.24）。