Zhang Keying, Jan Yih-Kuen, Liu Yu, Zhao Tao, Zhang Lingtao, Liu Ruidong, Liu Jianxiu, Cao Chunmei
Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2022 Feb 22;16:757522. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.757522. eCollection 2022.
This study investigated the differences in morphometry and functional plasticity characteristics of the brain after long-term training of different intensities. Results showed that an aerobic group demonstrated higher gray matter volume in the cerebellum and temporal lobe, while an anaerobic group demonstrated higher gray matter volume in the region of basal ganglia. In addition, the aerobic group also showed significantly higher fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and degree centrality (DC) in the motor area of the frontal lobe and parietal lobe, and the frontal gyrus, respectively. At the same time, the anaerobic group demonstrated higher fALFF and DC in the cerebellum posterior lobe (family-wise error corrected, < 0.01). These findings may further prove that different brain activation modes respond to different intensities of physical activity and may help to reveal the neural mechanisms that can classify athletes from different intensity sports.
本研究调查了不同强度长期训练后大脑形态测量和功能可塑性特征的差异。结果显示，有氧运动组在小脑和颞叶的灰质体积较高，而无氧运动组在基底神经节区域的灰质体积较高。此外，有氧运动组在额叶和顶叶的运动区以及额回中还分别表现出显著更高的低频波动分数振幅（fALFF）和中心度（DC）。同时，无氧运动组在小脑后叶的fALFF和DC较高（家族性错误校正，<0.01）。这些发现可能进一步证明不同的大脑激活模式对不同强度的体育活动有反应，并可能有助于揭示区分不同强度运动项目运动员的神经机制。
