March-Amengual Jaume-Miquel, Cambra Badii Irene, Casas-Baroy Joan-Carles, Altarriba Cristina, Comella Company Anna, Pujol-Farriols Ramon, Baños Josep-Eladi, Galbany-Estragués Paola, Comella Cayuela Agustí
Chair in Medical Education, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain.
Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 12;19(6):3356. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063356.
BACKGROUND: The first years of university can be very challenging for students. Previous research has focused on the study of the prevalence of burnout and of psychological distress in medical students. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of psychological symptoms and burnout reported by first-year students, the relationship between these variables and their academic performance, and the differences between health and non-health sciences students. METHODS: An observational study with a cross-sectional design was performed. Students of health sciences (medicine, nursing, physiotherapy, psychology), and non-health sciences (biology, social sciences, business management, and engineering) undergraduate programs completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Students' grades for the first semester were collected. RESULTS: A sample of 506 students participated. Prevalence of psychological distress was 27.1% and burnout was 7.3%. Academic performance was unaffected in relation to either psychological distress or burnout. Non-health sciences students showed a greater risk of depression. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence of the high prevalence of psychological distress in the first year of college. Even when burnout prevalence was low, the results suggest the need to introduce prevention programs to improve the psychological wellbeing of these students.
背景：大学的头几年对学生来说可能极具挑战性。先前的研究主要集中在医学生职业倦怠和心理困扰的患病率上。本研究的目的是调查一年级学生报告的心理症状和职业倦怠的患病率、这些变量与他们学业成绩之间的关系，以及健康科学与非健康科学专业学生之间的差异。 方法：进行了一项采用横断面设计的观察性研究。健康科学（医学、护理、物理治疗、心理学）和非健康科学（生物学、社会科学、商业管理和工程学）本科专业的学生完成了简明症状量表（BSI - 18）和马氏职业倦怠量表 - 学生版（MBI - SS）。收集了学生第一学期的成绩。 结果：506名学生参与了样本研究。心理困扰的患病率为27.1%，职业倦怠的患病率为7.3%。学业成绩与心理困扰或职业倦怠均无关联。非健康科学专业的学生患抑郁症的风险更高。 结论：本研究证明了大学一年级学生心理困扰的高患病率。即使职业倦怠患病率较低，结果也表明有必要引入预防计划以改善这些学生的心理健康。
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