AXL 抑制可改善黑色素瘤的 BRAF 靶向治疗。
AXL inhibition improves BRAF-targeted treatment in melanoma.
机构信息
Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
出版信息
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 24;12(1):5076. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09078-z.
More than half of metastatic melanoma patients receiving standard therapy fail to achieve a long-term survival due to primary and/or acquired resistance. Tumor cell ability to switch from epithelial to a more aggressive mesenchymal phenotype, attributed with AXL molecular profile in melanoma, has been recently linked to such event, limiting treatment efficacy. In the current study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of the AXL inhibitor (AXLi) BGB324 alone or in combination with the clinically relevant BRAF inhibitor (BRAFi) vemurafenib. Firstly, AXL was shown to be expressed in majority of melanoma lymph node metastases. When treated ex vivo, the largest reduction in cell viability was observed when the two drugs were combined. In addition, a therapeutic benefit of adding AXLi to the BRAF-targeted therapy was observed in pre-clinical AXL melanoma models in vitro and in vivo. When searching for mechanistic insights, AXLi was found to potentiate BRAFi-induced apoptosis, stimulate ferroptosis and inhibit autophagy. Altogether, our findings propose AXLi as a promising treatment in combination with standard therapy to improve therapeutic outcome in metastatic melanoma.
由于原发性和/或获得性耐药,超过一半接受标准治疗的转移性黑色素瘤患者无法实现长期生存。肿瘤细胞从上皮向更具侵袭性的间充质表型转变的能力,归因于黑色素瘤中的 AXL 分子谱,最近与这种事件有关,限制了治疗效果。在本研究中,我们研究了 AXL 抑制剂(AXLi)BGB324 单独或与临床相关的 BRAF 抑制剂(BRAFi)vemurafenib 联合治疗的潜力。首先,AXL 在大多数黑色素瘤淋巴结转移中表达。当进行离体治疗时,当两种药物联合使用时,观察到细胞活力的最大降低。此外,在体外和体内 AXL 黑色素瘤模型中,添加 AXLi 到 BRAF 靶向治疗中观察到了治疗益处。在寻找机制见解时,发现 AXLi 增强了 BRAFi 诱导的细胞凋亡,刺激了铁死亡并抑制了自噬。总之,我们的研究结果表明,AXLi 联合标准治疗具有很大的潜力,可以改善转移性黑色素瘤的治疗效果。