From the Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group.
Sex Transm Dis. 2022 Jun 1;49(6):403-413. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001612. Epub 2022 Feb 3.
This study characterized the epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.
Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines were followed to systematically review, synthesize, and report HSV-2-related data up to January 21, 2021. Meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed.
In Canada, pooled mean seroprevalence was 10.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.8-12.4%) among general populations, 44.5% (95% CI, 20.0-70.5%) among sexually transmitted infection clinic attendees and symptomatic populations, and 60.7% (95% CI, 49.8-71.1%) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals and individuals in HIV-discordant couples. In Australia and New Zealand, combined, pooled mean seroprevalence was 15.4% (95% CI, 9.6-22.2%) among general populations, 27.8% (95% CI, 12.0-47.2%) among men who have sex with men, and 37.2% (95% CI, 23.7-51.8%) among sexually transmitted infection clinic attendees and symptomatic populations. Men had 0.64-fold (95% CI, 0.47-0.86) lower seroprevalence compared with women. No evidence was found for a decline in seroprevalence over time. Pooled mean proportion of HSV-2 isolation in laboratory-confirmed genital herpes was 62.1% (95% CI, 53.8-70.1%) in Canada and 71.9% (95% CI, 64.2-78.9%) in Australia and New Zealand. Proportion of HSV-2 isolation in genital herpes declined by 0.98-fold (95% CI, 0.97-0.99) per year. Pooled mean proportion of HSV-2 isolation in genital ulcer disease was 17.4% (95% CI, 4.0-37.1%) in these countries.
Over 10% of adults in these countries are infected, with no evidence for declining seroprevalence, unlike other global regions. Over 60% of genital herpes cases are caused by HSV-2 in these countries, yet HSV-2's role is declining by 2% per year.
本研究描述了加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（HSV-2）感染的流行病学特征。
根据 Cochrane 和 PRISMA 指南，对截至 2021 年 1 月 21 日与 HSV-2 相关的数据进行系统回顾、综合和报告。进行了荟萃分析和荟萃回归分析。
在加拿大，普通人群的血清流行率为 10.0%（95%置信区间[CI]，7.8%-12.4%），性传播感染诊所就诊者和症状人群为 44.5%（95%CI，20.0%-70.5%），人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）阳性个体和 HIV 不匹配伴侣人群为 60.7%（95%CI，49.8%-71.1%）。在澳大利亚和新西兰，普通人群的血清流行率综合为 15.4%（95%CI，9.6%-22.2%），男男性行为者为 27.8%（95%CI，12.0%-47.2%），性传播感染诊所就诊者和症状人群为 37.2%（95%CI，23.7%-51.8%）。男性的血清流行率比女性低 0.64 倍（95%CI，0.47-0.86）。未发现血清流行率随时间下降的证据。在加拿大，实验室确诊生殖器疱疹中 HSV-2 分离的平均比例为 62.1%（95%CI，53.8%-70.1%），在澳大利亚和新西兰为 71.9%（95%CI，64.2%-78.9%）。生殖器疱疹中 HSV-2 分离的比例每年下降 0.98 倍（95%CI，0.97-0.99）。在这些国家，生殖器溃疡疾病中 HSV-2 分离的平均比例为 17.4%（95%CI，4.0%-37.1%）。
这些国家超过 10%的成年人感染，与其他全球区域不同，没有证据表明血清流行率下降。在这些国家，超过 60%的生殖器疱疹病例由 HSV-2 引起，但 HSV-2 的作用每年下降 2%。
