Chen Qiliang, Heinricher Mary M
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
Department of Neurological Surgery and Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
Front Pain Res (Lausanne). 2022 Jun 28;3:932476. doi: 10.3389/fpain.2022.932476. eCollection 2022.
The sensory experience of pain depends not only on the transmission of noxious information (nociception), but on the state of the body in a biological, psychological, and social milieu. A brainstem pain-modulating system with its output node in the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) can regulate the threshold and gain for nociceptive transmission. This review considers the current understanding of how RVM pain-modulating neurons, namely ON-cells and OFF-cells, are engaged by "top-down" cognitive and emotional factors, as well as by "bottom-up" sensory inputs, to enhance or suppress pain.
疼痛的感觉体验不仅取决于伤害性信息的传递（伤害感受），还取决于身体在生物、心理和社会环境中的状态。一个以延髓头端腹内侧区（RVM）为输出节点的脑干疼痛调节系统可以调节伤害性信息传递的阈值和增益。这篇综述探讨了目前对于RVM疼痛调节神经元，即ON细胞和OFF细胞，是如何被“自上而下”的认知和情感因素以及“自下而上”的感觉输入所激活，从而增强或抑制疼痛的理解。
