Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi province, China.
Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi province, China; The Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Cell Biology of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China; Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Major Infectious Diseases, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2022 Sep;136:102243. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2022.102243. Epub 2022 Aug 8.
Macrophages are large mononuclear phagocytic cells that play a vital role in the immune response. They are present in all body tissues with extremely heterogeneous and plastic phenotypes that adapt to the organs and tissues in which they live and respond in the first-line against invading microorganisms. Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the pathogenic bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which is among the top 10 global infectious agents and the leading cause of mortality, ranking above human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), as a single infectious agent. Macrophages, upon Mtb infection, not only phagocytose the bacteria and present the antigens to T-cells, but also react rapidly by developing antimycobacterial immune response depending highly on the production of cytokines. However, Mtb is also capable of intracellular survival in instances of sub-optimal activation of macrophages. Hence, several systems have been established to evaluate the Mtb-macrophage interaction, where the THP-1 monocytes have been developed as an attractive model for in vitro polarized monocyte-derived macrophages. This model is extensively used for Mtb as well as other intracellular bacterial studies. Herein, we have summarized the updated implications of the THP-1 model for TB-related studies and discussed the pros and cons compared to other cell models of TB.
巨噬细胞是一种大型单核吞噬细胞，在免疫反应中起着至关重要的作用。它们存在于所有的身体组织中，具有极其异质和可塑性的表型，能够适应它们所居住的器官和组织，并对入侵的微生物做出一线反应。结核病（TB）是由致病性细菌结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）引起的，Mtb 是全球十大传染病病原体之一，也是导致死亡的主要原因，其死亡率高于人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），是单一的传染病病原体。巨噬细胞在感染 Mtb 后，不仅吞噬细菌并将抗原呈递给 T 细胞，而且还能通过快速产生细胞因子来迅速反应，从而产生抗分枝杆菌免疫应答。然而，Mtb 也能够在巨噬细胞未充分激活的情况下在细胞内存活。因此，已经建立了几种系统来评估 Mtb-巨噬细胞相互作用，其中 THP-1 单核细胞已被开发为体外极化单核细胞衍生巨噬细胞的有吸引力的模型。该模型广泛用于 Mtb 以及其他细胞内细菌的研究。本文总结了 THP-1 模型在与结核病相关的研究中的最新意义，并讨论了与其他结核病细胞模型相比的优缺点。
