Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin St, Changchun, 130021, China.
J Transl Med. 2022 Aug 16;20(1):367. doi: 10.1186/s12967-022-03532-2.
Acral melanoma (AM) has unique biology as an aggressive subtype of melanoma. It is a common subtype of melanoma in races with darker skin tones usually diagnosed at a later stage, thereby presenting a worse prognosis compared to cutaneous melanoma. The pathogenesis of acral melanoma differs from cutaneous melanoma, and trauma promotes its development. Compared to cutaneous melanomas, acral melanomas have a significantly lighter mutational burden with more copy number variants. Most acral melanomas are classified as triple wild-type. In contrast to cutaneous melanomas, acral melanomas have a suppressive immune microenvironment. Herein, we reviewed the clinical features, genetic variants, and immune microenvironmental characteristics of limbic melanomas to summarise their unique features.
肢端黑色素瘤（AM）作为一种侵袭性黑色素瘤亚型，具有独特的生物学特性。它是深色皮肤人群中常见的黑色素瘤亚型，通常在晚期诊断，因此与皮肤黑色素瘤相比预后更差。肢端黑色素瘤的发病机制不同于皮肤黑色素瘤，创伤可促进其发生发展。与皮肤黑色素瘤相比，肢端黑色素瘤的突变负担明显较轻，并有更多的拷贝数变异。大多数肢端黑色素瘤被归类为三野生型。与皮肤黑色素瘤不同，肢端黑色素瘤具有抑制性的免疫微环境。本文综述了肢端黑色素瘤的临床特征、遗传变异和免疫微环境特征，以总结其独特的特征。
