上皮-间质可塑性与IFN诱导的PD-L1表达之间的双向串扰促进肿瘤进展。
Bidirectional crosstalk between epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and IFN-induced PD-L1 expression promotes tumour progression.
作者信息
Burger Gerhard A, Nesenberend Daphne N, Lems Carlijn M, Hille Sander C, Beltman Joost B
机构信息
Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Mathematical Institute, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
出版信息
R Soc Open Sci. 2022 Nov 2;9(11):220186. doi: 10.1098/rsos.220186. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and immunoevasion through upregulation of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are important drivers of cancer progression. While EMT has been proposed to facilitate PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression, molecular mechanisms of their interaction remain obscure. Here, we provide insight into these mechanisms by proposing a mathematical model that describes the crosstalk between EMT and interferon gamma (IFN)-induced PD-L1 expression. Our model shows that via interaction with microRNA-200 (miR-200), the multi-stability of the EMT regulatory circuit is mirrored in PD-L1 levels, which are further amplified by IFN stimulation. This IFN-mediated effect is most prominent for cells in a fully mesenchymal state and less strong for those in an epithelial or partially mesenchymal state. In addition, bidirectional crosstalk between miR-200 and PD-L1 implies that IFN stimulation allows cells to undergo EMT for lower amounts of inducing signal, and the presence of IFN accelerates EMT and decelerates mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). Overall, our model agrees with published findings and provides insight into possible mechanisms behind EMT-mediated immune evasion, and primary, adaptive, or acquired resistance to immunotherapy. Our model can be used as a starting point to explore additional crosstalk mechanisms, as an improved understanding of these mechanisms is indispensable for developing better diagnostic and therapeutic options for cancer patients.
上皮-间质转化(EMT)以及通过上调程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)实现的免疫逃逸是癌症进展的重要驱动因素。虽然有人提出EMT有助于PD-L1介导的免疫抑制,但其相互作用的分子机制仍不清楚。在此,我们通过提出一个数学模型来深入了解这些机制,该模型描述了EMT与干扰素γ(IFN)诱导的PD-L1表达之间的相互作用。我们的模型表明,通过与微小RNA-200(miR-200)相互作用,EMT调节回路的多稳定性反映在PD-L1水平上,而IFN刺激会进一步放大这些水平。这种IFN介导的效应在完全间质状态的细胞中最为显著,在上皮或部分间质状态的细胞中则较弱。此外,miR-200与PD-L1之间的双向相互作用意味着IFN刺激使细胞在较低诱导信号量下就能发生EMT,并且IFN的存在会加速EMT并减缓间质-上皮转化(MET)。总体而言,我们的模型与已发表的研究结果一致,并深入了解了EMT介导的免疫逃逸以及对免疫疗法的原发性、适应性或获得性抗性背后的可能机制。我们的模型可作为探索其他相互作用机制的起点,因为更好地理解这些机制对于为癌症患者开发更好的诊断和治疗方案必不可少。