人类对源自禽、马和猪的甲型（H3）流感病毒的免疫力和易感性。

Human Immunity and Susceptibility to Influenza A(H3) Viruses of Avian, Equine, and Swine Origin.

出版信息

Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Jan;29(1):98-109. doi: 10.3201/eid2901.220943.

DOI:10.3201/eid2901.220943

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9796212/

Abstract

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) of subtype H3 that infect humans are antigenically divergent from those of birds, horses, and swine. Human immunity against these viruses might be limited, implying potential pandemic risk. To determine human risk, we selected 4 avian, 1 equine, and 3 swine IAVs representing major H3 lineages. We tested serum collected during 2017-2018 from 286 persons in Belgium for hemagglutination inhibiting antibodies and virus neutralizing antibodies against those animal-origin IAVs and tested replication in human airway epithelia. Seroprevalence rates for circulating IAVs from swine in North America were >51%, swine in Europe 7%-37%, and birds and equids ≤12%. Replication was efficient for cluster IV-A IAVs from swine in North America and IAVs from swine in Europe, intermediate for IAVs from horses and poultry, and absent for IAVs from wild birds and a novel human-like swine IAV in North America. Public health risk may be highest for swine H3 IAVs.

摘要

感染人类的 H3 亚型甲型流感病毒（IAV）与鸟类、马和猪的病毒在抗原上存在差异。人类对这些病毒的免疫力可能有限，这意味着存在潜在的大流行风险。为了确定人类的风险，我们选择了代表主要 H3 谱系的 4 种禽源、1 种马源和 3 种猪源 IAV。我们检测了 2017-2018 年在比利时采集的 286 人血清中针对这些动物源性 IAV 的血凝抑制抗体和病毒中和抗体，并检测了其在人呼吸道上皮细胞中的复制情况。来自北美的循环猪源 IAV 的血清阳性率>51%，欧洲的猪源 IAV 为 7%-37%，而鸟类和马的血清阳性率≤12%。来自北美的 IV-A 聚类猪源 IAV 和来自欧洲的猪源 IAV 的复制效率很高，马源和禽源 IAV 的复制效率中等，而野生鸟类和北美的新型类似人类的猪源 IAV 则不存在复制。猪 H3 IAV 的公共卫生风险可能最高。