PCH-2 和减数分裂 HORMADs:减数分裂进化创新的模块?

PCH-2 and meiotic HORMADs: A module for evolutionary innovation in meiosis?

机构信息

Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States.

出版信息

Curr Top Dev Biol. 2023;151:317-344. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.07.001. Epub 2022 Jul 28.

Abstract

Sexual reproduction and the specialized cell division it relies upon, meiosis, are biological processes that present an incredible degree of both evolutionary conservation and divergence. One clear example of this paradox is the role of the evolutionarily ancient PCH-2/HORMAD module during meiosis. On one hand, the complex, and sometimes disparate, meiotic defects observed when PCH-2 and/or the meiotic HORMADS are mutated in different model systems have prevented a straightforward characterization of their conserved functions. On the other hand, these functional variations demonstrate the impressive molecular rewiring that accompanies evolution of the meiotic processes these factors are involved in. While the defects observed in pch-2 mutants appear to vary in different systems, in this review, I argue that PCH-2 has a conserved meiotic function: to coordinate meiotic recombination with synapsis to ensure an appropriate number and distribution of crossovers. Further, given the dramatic variation in how the events of recombination and synapsis are themselves regulated in different model systems, the mechanistic differences in PCH-2 and meiotic HORMAD function make biological sense when viewed as species-specific elaborations layered onto this fundamental, conserved role.

摘要

有性生殖和它所依赖的专门细胞分裂——减数分裂,是具有高度进化保守性和变异性的生物学过程。这种悖论的一个明显例子是古老的 PCH-2/HORMAD 模块在减数分裂中的作用。一方面,当 PCH-2 和/或减数分裂 HORMAD 在不同的模型系统中发生突变时,观察到的复杂且有时不同的减数分裂缺陷,使得它们保守功能的直接特征变得困难。另一方面,这些功能变化表明,在这些因子参与的减数分裂过程的进化过程中,伴随着令人印象深刻的分子重排。虽然在不同系统中观察到的 pch-2 突变体缺陷似乎有所不同,但在这篇综述中,我认为 PCH-2 具有保守的减数分裂功能:协调减数分裂重组与联会,以确保适当数量和分布的交叉。此外,鉴于不同模型系统中重组和联会事件本身的调节方式存在显著差异,当将 PCH-2 和减数分裂 HORMAD 功能的机制差异视为基于这一基本保守作用的物种特异性详细阐述时,它们在生物学上是有意义的。

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索