Ko Myoung-Hwan
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
Brain Neurorehabil. 2021 Mar 25;14(1):e9. doi: 10.12786/bn.2021.14.e9. eCollection 2021 Mar.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has considerable potential as a useful method in the field of neurorehabilitation. However, the safety of tDCS for the human is primarily based on theoretical evidence related to electricity, and the safety information of applying tDCS to the human is only available from researcher's reporting. Based on tDCS studies with human and animal subjects and simulation-based studies of the safety of current stimulation in the past 20 years, this review investigated the safety of tDCS application to the human body. No severe complications have been reported in either adults or children for tDCS at an intensity of 4 mA or less, within a period of 60 minutes per day, using commonly applied 25 or 35 cm electrodes. According to animal studies, the amount of electricity used for tDCS is less than 5% of the amount that permanently changes brain tissue, thereby ensuring safety to a certain extent. In order to increase the efficacy of tDCS for neurorehabilitation and to minimize even trivial complications in the human screening of exclusion criteria should be conducted with detailed observations of complications.
经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）作为神经康复领域一种有用的方法具有相当大的潜力。然而，tDCS对人体的安全性主要基于与电相关的理论证据，而将tDCS应用于人体的安全信息仅来自研究人员的报告。基于过去20年对人类和动物受试者的tDCS研究以及基于模拟的电流刺激安全性研究，本综述调查了tDCS应用于人体的安全性。对于每天60分钟以内、使用常用的25或35厘米电极、强度为4毫安或更低的tDCS，成人或儿童均未报告严重并发症。根据动物研究，用于tDCS的电量小于永久改变脑组织电量的5%，从而在一定程度上确保了安全性。为了提高tDCS在神经康复中的疗效，并在人体筛查中尽量减少甚至轻微的并发症，应通过详细观察并发症来制定排除标准。
