Center of Population Sciences for Health Equity, College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
Institute for Sexual and Gender Minority Health and Wellbeing, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
LGBT Health. 2023 Aug-Sep;10(6):463-470. doi: 10.1089/lgbt.2022.0083. Epub 2023 Mar 23.
Discrimination has detrimental effects on mental health, particularly among Black, Indigenous, and people of color who are also sexual minority women (BIPOC SMW); however, measurement of multiple intersecting forms of discrimination (e.g., race, gender, and sexual identity discrimination among BIPOC SMW) poses methodological challenges. This analysis uses latent class analysis (LCA) to examine the influences of discrimination on mental health in a convenience sample of BIPOC SMW. Online survey data from BIPOC SMW aged 18-29 years ( = 324) were used to estimate latent classes for discrimination type (race, gender, and sexual identity). Data for this study were collected from July to October 2018. Adjusted linear regressions examined the influences of discrimination profiles on perceived stress and depressive symptoms. Utilizing LCA, the following four classes emerged: (1) low discrimination; (2) mid-level discrimination; (3) high racial, medium gender, and low sexual identity discrimination; (4) high discrimination. Classes 3 and 4 were positively associated with perceived stress and depressive symptoms relative to Class 1 in adjusted models. This analysis highlights the importance of intersectionality and the adverse impact of multiple forms of discrimination on mental health outcomes for BIPOC SMW. Respondents reporting higher levels of racial or multiple forms of discrimination had poorer mental health outcomes. LCA is a promising analytical tool for investigating intersectional stigma and discrimination. There is an urgent need to develop tailored, culturally appropriate intersectional mental health interventions to address the multiple identities and oppressions faced by BIPOC SMW.
歧视对心理健康有不利影响，尤其是对黑人、原住民和有色人种中的性少数女性（BIPOC SMW）；然而，衡量多种交叉形式的歧视（例如，BIPOC SMW 中的种族、性别和性身份歧视）存在方法学挑战。本分析使用潜在类别分析（LCA）来检查歧视对 BIPOC SMW 便利样本心理健康的影响。 本研究使用了 18-29 岁 BIPOC SMW 的在线调查数据（ = 324），用于估计歧视类型（种族、性别和性身份）的潜在类别。本研究的数据于 2018 年 7 月至 10 月收集。调整后的线性回归检验了歧视情况对感知压力和抑郁症状的影响。 通过 LCA，出现了以下四个类别：（1）低歧视；（2）中等水平歧视；（3）高种族、中等性别和低性身份歧视；（4）高歧视。在调整后的模型中，类别 3 和 4与类别 1 相比，与感知压力和抑郁症状呈正相关。 这项分析强调了交叉性的重要性以及多种形式的歧视对 BIPOC SMW 心理健康结果的不利影响。报告种族或多种歧视程度较高的受访者心理健康结果较差。LCA 是一种很有前途的分析工具，可用于研究交叉性耻辱和歧视。迫切需要制定针对特定人群的、文化上适当的交叉心理健康干预措施，以解决 BIPOC SMW 面临的多种身份和压迫。
