MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
Paediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2023 Aug;21(4):433-446. doi: 10.1007/s11914-023-00800-y. Epub 2023 Jun 19.
Increasing bone mineral accrual during childhood might delay the onset of osteoporosis. We discuss the scientific evidence for early life approaches to optimising skeletal health.
There is an ever-growing body of evidence from observational studies suggesting associations between early life exposures, particularly during foetal development, and bone mineral density (BMD). The findings of such studies are often heterogeneous, and for some exposures, for example, maternal smoking and alcohol intake in pregnancy or age at conception, intervention studies are not feasible. The most frequently studied exposures in intervention studies are calcium or vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy, which overall suggest positive effects on offspring childhood BMD. Maternal calcium and/or vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy appear to have positive effects on offspring BMD during early childhood, but further long-term follow-up is required to demonstrate persistence of the effect into later life.
在儿童时期增加骨矿物质积累可能会延迟骨质疏松症的发生。我们讨论了优化骨骼健康的生命早期方法的科学证据。
越来越多的观察性研究证据表明，生命早期暴露，特别是胎儿发育期间的暴露，与骨矿物质密度（BMD）之间存在关联。这些研究的结果往往存在异质性，对于某些暴露，例如怀孕期间母亲吸烟和饮酒或受孕年龄，干预研究是不可行的。在干预研究中最常研究的暴露是怀孕期间的钙或维生素 D 补充，总体上表明对后代儿童时期 BMD 有积极影响。怀孕期间母亲钙和/或维生素 D 补充似乎对后代幼儿期 BMD 有积极影响，但需要进一步的长期随访才能证明该效应持续到以后的生活。
