Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, 34500 Istanbul, Turkey.
Mol Pharm. 2023 Jul 3;20(7):3320-3337. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00323. Epub 2023 Jun 21.
Microorganisms that make up the local microbiota (such as sp. and sp.) play a crucial role in the modulation of diseases and health states by taking place not only in the gut but also in many parts of our body. There is also interference between the gut and the lung via the gut-lung axis. The relationship between respiratory diseases and lung microbiota, which become more of an issue of particular importance in recent years, shows that probiotics play an essential role in maintaining the balance of microorganisms in the respiratory tract. However, studies on probiotics' prophylactic or therapeutic application in chronic lung diseases are limited. In this review, the literature between 1977 and 2022 was surveyed. General information about human microbiota was accessed in earlier sources, and especially in the past decade, research on lung microbiota has been reached. The relationship between lung microbiota and important respiratory diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, allergy-asthma, influenza, lung cancer, and COVID-19 infection, was scrutinized after mentioning human microbiota, the gut-lung axis, and respiratory tract microbiota. The mechanism of action of probiotics and the formulation approaches of probiotics in terms of pharmaceutical technology were reviewed. Finally, future perspectives on lung-targeted administration of probiotic bacteria with prophylactic or therapeutic potential, or both, were presented.
构成局部微生物群（如 sp. 和 sp.）的微生物通过不仅存在于肠道中，还存在于我们身体的许多部位，在疾病和健康状态的调节中起着至关重要的作用。肠道和肺部之间也通过肠肺轴相互干扰。近年来，呼吸道疾病和肺部微生物群之间的关系变得更加重要，这表明益生菌在维持呼吸道微生物平衡方面起着至关重要的作用。然而，关于益生菌在慢性肺部疾病中的预防或治疗应用的研究是有限的。在这篇综述中，调查了 1977 年至 2022 年的文献。早期来源获取了关于人类微生物群的一般信息，特别是在过去十年中，对肺部微生物群的研究已经达到。在提到人类微生物群、肠肺轴和呼吸道微生物群之后，仔细研究了肺部微生物群与重要的呼吸道疾病（如支气管肺发育不良、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺炎、囊性纤维化、过敏-哮喘、流感、肺癌和 COVID-19 感染）之间的关系。综述了益生菌的作用机制和益生菌在药物技术方面的配方方法。最后，提出了具有预防或治疗潜力的肺部靶向益生菌细菌的未来展望。
