混淆 apples 和 oranges:从多个和不同的指标评估生态状况及其置信度。

Mixing apples and oranges: Assessing ecological status and its confidence from multiple and diverse indicators.

机构信息

Aarhus University, Department of Ecoscience, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark.

NIVA-Denmark, Njalsgade 76, 2300 København S, Denmark.

出版信息

J Environ Manage. 2023 Oct 15;344:118625. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118625. Epub 2023 Jul 17.

Abstract

Ecosystem responses to increasing human pressures are complex and diverse, affecting organisms across all trophic levels. This has prompted the development of methods that integrate information across many indicators for environmental management. Legislative frameworks such as the European Water Framework Directive (WFD), specifically prescribe that integrated assessme nt (IA) of ecological status must consider indicators representing various biological and supporting quality elements. We present a general approach for an IA system based on a piece-wise linear transformation of indicator distributions to a standardized scale, allowing for integrating information from multiple and diverse indicators through a policy-dependent aggregation scheme. Uncertainties associated with monitoring data used for calculating indicators and their propagation throughout the integration scheme allow for confidence assessment at all levels of the hierarchical integration. Specific pressures leading to ecological impact can be identified through the most impaired indicators in the hierarchical and transparent aggregation scheme. The IA and its confidence are facilitated though the development of an online tool that accesses information from monitoring databases and presents the outcome at all levels of the assessment, ensuring consistency and transparency in the calculations for all potential stakeholders. We demonstrate the versality and applicability of the approach using indicators and aggregation principles from the Swedish national guidelines for assessing ecological status of rivers, lakes and coastal waters according to the WFD. Although the approach and the tool were developed specifically for the WFD ecological status assessment in Sweden, the generality of the approach implies that it can easily be adapted to the WFD assessment methods of other countries as well as other policies, where an integrated assessment is required.

摘要

生态系统对人类压力增加的响应是复杂多样的,影响着所有营养级的生物。这促使人们开发了将许多指标的信息整合在一起用于环境管理的方法。欧洲水框架指令(WFD)等立法框架特别规定,必须考虑代表各种生物和支持质量要素的综合评估(IA)。我们提出了一种基于指标分布分段线性变换到标准化尺度的综合评估系统的通用方法,允许通过政策相关的聚合方案整合来自多个和不同指标的信息。用于计算指标的监测数据及其在整个集成方案中的传播的不确定性允许在层次集成的所有级别进行置信度评估。通过分层和透明聚合方案中最受损的指标,可以识别导致生态影响的具体压力。通过开发一个在线工具来促进综合评估及其置信度,该工具可以从监测数据库中获取信息,并在评估的所有级别呈现结果,从而确保所有潜在利益相关者的计算的一致性和透明度。我们使用瑞典根据 WFD 评估河流、湖泊和沿海水域生态状况的国家指南中的指标和聚合原则来演示该方法的通用性和适用性。尽管该方法和工具是专门为瑞典的 WFD 生态状况评估开发的,但该方法的通用性意味着它可以轻松地适应其他国家以及其他需要综合评估的政策的 WFD 评估方法。

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