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量化和建模黑腹果蝇中新转录本周转动态。

Quantification and modeling of turnover dynamics of de novo transcripts in Drosophila melanogaster.

机构信息

Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Department of Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Biology, Tübingen, Germany.

出版信息

Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Jan 11;52(1):274-287. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad1079.

Abstract

Most of the transcribed eukaryotic genomes are composed of non-coding transcripts. Among these transcripts, some are newly transcribed when compared to outgroups and are referred to as de novo transcripts. De novo transcripts have been shown to play a major role in genomic innovations. However, little is known about the rates at which de novo transcripts are gained and lost in individuals of the same species. Here, we address this gap and estimate the de novo transcript turnover rate with an evolutionary model. We use DNA long reads and RNA short reads from seven geographically remote samples of inbred individuals of Drosophila melanogaster to detect de novo transcripts that are gained on a short evolutionary time scale. Overall, each sampled individual contains around 2500 unspliced de novo transcripts, with most of them being sample specific. We estimate that around 0.15 transcripts are gained per year, and that each gained transcript is lost at a rate around 5× 10-5 per year. This high turnover of transcripts suggests frequent exploration of new genomic sequences within species. These rate estimates are essential to comprehend the process and timescale of de novo gene birth.

摘要

大多数转录的真核基因组由非编码转录本组成。在这些转录本中,与外群相比新转录的转录本被称为从头转录本。已经证明,从头转录本在基因组创新中起着重要作用。然而,对于同一物种个体中从头转录本的获得和丢失的速率知之甚少。在这里,我们解决了这一差距,并通过进化模型估计了从头转录本的周转率。我们使用来自 7 个地理位置遥远的近交个体的 DNA 长读和 RNA 短读来检测在短进化时间尺度上获得的新转录本。总的来说,每个采样个体包含大约 2500 个未剪接的从头转录本,其中大多数是样本特异性的。我们估计每年大约有 0.15 个转录本获得,并且每个获得的转录本以每年约 5×10-5 的速率丢失。这种转录本的高周转率表明在物种内频繁探索新的基因组序列。这些速率估计对于理解新基因产生的过程和时间尺度至关重要。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f3e5/10783523/af78b45c5d6a/gkad1079figgra1.jpg

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