Fernandez Cornelius J, Nagendra Lakshmi, Alkhalifah Mohammed, Pappachan Joseph M
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Pilgrim Hospital, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Boston, UK.
Department of Endocrinology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, India.
touchREV Endocrinol. 2023 Nov;19(2):31-41. doi: 10.17925/EE.2023.19.2.11. Epub 2023 Oct 20.
Hypertension affects about 1.28 billion adults globally, and significantly increases the risk of chronic morbidity and mortality among sufferers. About 15% of these individuals have secondary hypertension, the majority of whom have dysfunction of one or more endocrine systems as the cause of hypertension. Although adrenal disorders are often identified as the cause of endocrine hypertension, extra-adrenal disease and pituitary disorders also can cause the disease. Timely diagnosis is of paramount importance, because of the potential for a surgical cure or optimal disease control with pharmacotherapy to prevent hypertensive complications. Even with its relatively high prevalence compared with many other chronic illnesses, the diagnosis of endocrine hypertension is often delayed or never made because of poor awareness about the disease among physicians. This review attempts to provide an overview of the disease, with some practical aspects of diagnosis and management of a few of the important disorders causing endocrine hypertension.
高血压影响着全球约12.8亿成年人，并显著增加了患者慢性发病和死亡的风险。这些患者中约15%患有继发性高血压，其中大多数人的一个或多个内分泌系统功能紊乱是高血压的病因。虽然肾上腺疾病常被认为是内分泌性高血压的病因，但肾上腺外疾病和垂体疾病也可导致该病。及时诊断至关重要，因为有可能通过手术治愈或通过药物治疗实现最佳疾病控制，以预防高血压并发症。尽管与许多其他慢性疾病相比，内分泌性高血压的患病率相对较高，但由于医生对该疾病的认识不足，其诊断往往被延迟或根本无法做出。本综述试图概述该疾病，并介绍一些导致内分泌性高血压的重要疾病的诊断和管理的实际方面。
