Student Scientific Society of Civilization Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str., 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Dec 21;25(1):152. doi: 10.3390/ijms25010152.
The dental material industry is rapidly developing resin-based composites (RBCs), which find widespread use in a variety of clinical settings. As such, their biocompatibility has gained increasing interest. This literature review presents a summary of research into the cytotoxicity of methacrylate-based composites published from 2017 to 2023. Subject to analysis were 14 in vitro studies on human and murine cell lines. Cytotoxicity in the included studies was measured via MTT assay, LDH assay, and WST-1 assay. The QUIN Risk of Bias Tool was performed to validate the included studies. Included studies (based entirely on the results of in vitro studies) provide evidence of dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity of dental resin-based composites. Oxidative stress and the depletion of cellular glutathione (GSH) were suggested as reasons for cytotoxicity. Induction of apoptosis by RBCs was indicated. While composites remain the golden standard of dental restorative materials, their potential cytotoxicity cannot be ignored due to direct long-term exposure. Further in vitro investigations and clinical trials are required to understand the molecular mechanism of cytotoxicity and produce novel materials with improved safety profiles.
牙科材料行业正在快速发展树脂基复合材料（RBCs），这些材料在各种临床环境中得到广泛应用。因此，它们的生物相容性越来越受到关注。本文综述总结了 2017 年至 2023 年期间发表的关于甲基丙烯酸酯基复合材料细胞毒性的研究。分析了 14 项针对人类和鼠类细胞系的体外研究。研究中通过 MTT 法、LDH 法和 WST-1 法检测细胞毒性。采用 QUIN 偏倚风险工具对纳入的研究进行了验证。纳入的研究（完全基于体外研究的结果）提供了牙科树脂基复合材料具有剂量和时间依赖性细胞毒性的证据。氧化应激和细胞内谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 的耗竭被认为是细胞毒性的原因。RBCs 诱导细胞凋亡。虽然复合材料仍然是牙科修复材料的金标准，但由于直接长期暴露，其潜在的细胞毒性不容忽视。需要进一步的体外研究和临床试验来了解细胞毒性的分子机制，并开发出具有更好安全性的新型材料。
