Del Grosso Carmine, Palmieri Davide, Marchese Lucia, Melissano Luigi, Lima Giuseppe
Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (CNR), 70126 Bari, Italy.
J Fungi (Basel). 2024 Jan 3;10(1):35. doi: 10.3390/jof10010035.
The emergence of new plant diseases is an increasingly important concern. Climate change is likely to be among the factors causing most of the emerging diseases endangering forest and tree heritage around the world. Such diseases may be caused by latent pathogens or microorganisms cryptically associated with plants. The shift from a non-pathogenic to a pathogenic stage may depend on physiological alterations of the host, environmental changes, and/or stress factors. In some woods of the Salento Peninsula (Apulia Region, Italy), sudden declines of holm oak plants ( L.) have been observed since 2016. The morphological and molecular characterization of representative fungal isolates associated with cankers and necrosis in declining plants indicated that these isolates belong to the family, and the most frequent species were and , followed by . In artificially inoculated young holm oak plants, both and species produced intense and severe subcortical and leaf margin necrosis. , although less aggressive, induced the same symptoms. Our research, in addition to confirming the involvement of in olm oak decline, represents the first report of as a new pathogen of in Italy. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, we also found as a new pathogen of .
新植物病害的出现是一个日益重要的问题。气候变化很可能是导致世界范围内大多数新出现的危害森林和树木资源的病害的因素之一。此类病害可能由潜伏病原体或与植物隐性相关的微生物引起。从非致病阶段转变为致病阶段可能取决于宿主的生理变化、环境变化和/或压力因素。自2016年以来，在萨伦托半岛（意大利普利亚地区）的一些树林中，已观察到圣栎（L.）植株突然衰退。对与衰退植株上的溃疡和坏死相关的代表性真菌分离株进行的形态学和分子特征分析表明，这些分离株属于 科，最常见的物种是 和 ，其次是 。在人工接种的年轻圣栎植株中， 和 物种均产生了强烈且严重的皮层下和叶缘坏死。 虽然致病性较弱，但也引发了相同的症状。我们的研究除了证实 与圣栎衰退有关外，还首次报道了 在意大利作为圣栎的一种新病原体。此外，据我们所知，我们还发现 是 的一种新病原体。
