在一项定性研究中了解黑人/非裔美国癌症患者对肿瘤基因组谱检测的看法:医疗不信任、医护人员沟通及家庭支持的作用
Understanding perceptions of tumor genomic profile testing in Black/African American cancer patients in a qualitative study: the role of medical mistrust, provider communication, and family support.
作者信息
Luck Caseem C, Bass Sarah Bauerle, Chertock Yana, Kelly Patrick J A, Singley Katie, Hoadley Ariel, Hall Michael J
机构信息
Risk Communication Laboratory, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Temple University College of Public Health, 1301 Cecil B Moore Ave, Rm 947, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
Department of Clinical Genetics, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
出版信息
J Community Genet. 2024 Jun;15(3):281-292. doi: 10.1007/s12687-024-00700-3. Epub 2024 Feb 16.
Tumor genomic profiling (TGP) examines genes and somatic mutations specific to a patient's tumor to identify targets for cancer treatments but can also uncover secondary hereditary (germline) mutations. Most patients are unprepared to make complex decisions related to this information. Black/African American (AA) cancer patients are especially at risk because of lower health literacy, higher levels of medical mistrust, and lower awareness and knowledge of genetic testing. But little is known about their TGP attitudes or preferences. Five in-person focus groups were conducted with Black/AA cancer patients (N = 33) from an NCI-designated cancer center and an affiliated oncology unit in an urban safety-net hospital located in Philadelphia. Focus groups explored participants' understanding of TGP, cultural beliefs about genetics, medical mistrust, and how these perceptions informed decision-making. Participants were mostly female (81.8%), and one-third had some college education; mean age was 57 with a SD of 11.35. Of patients, 33.3% reported never having heard of TGP, and 48.5% were not aware of having had TGP as part of their cancer treatment. Qualitative analysis was guided by the principles of applied thematic analysis and yielded five themes: (1) mistrust of medical institutions spurring independent health-information seeking; (2) genetic testing results as both empowering and overwhelming; (3) how provider-patient communication can obviate medical mistrust; (4) how unsupportive patient-family communication undermines interest in secondary-hereditary risk communication; and (5) importance of developing centralized patient support systems outside of treatment decisions. Results improve understanding of how Black/AA patients perceive of TGP and how interventions can be developed to assist with making informed decisions about secondary hereditary results.
肿瘤基因组分析(TGP)可检测患者肿瘤特有的基因和体细胞突变,以确定癌症治疗靶点,但也可能发现继发性遗传性(胚系)突变。大多数患者没有准备好就这些信息做出复杂的决策。黑人/非裔美国(AA)癌症患者风险尤其高,因为他们的健康素养较低、对医疗的不信任程度较高,且对基因检测的认识和了解较少。但对于他们对TGP的态度或偏好却知之甚少。我们在费城一家城市安全网医院的国立癌症研究所指定癌症中心和附属肿瘤科室,与黑人/AA癌症患者(N = 33)进行了五次面对面焦点小组访谈。焦点小组探讨了参与者对TGP的理解、对遗传学的文化信仰、对医疗的不信任,以及这些观念如何影响决策。参与者大多为女性(81.8%),三分之一有大学学历;平均年龄为57岁,标准差为11.35。33.3%的患者表示从未听说过TGP,48.5%的患者不知道自己在癌症治疗中接受过TGP检测。定性分析以应用主题分析原则为指导,得出了五个主题:(1)对医疗机构的不信任促使患者自主寻求健康信息;(2)基因检测结果既赋予力量又令人难以承受;(3)医患沟通如何消除对医疗的不信任;(4)不支持的患者-家属沟通如何削弱对继发性遗传风险沟通的兴趣;(5)在治疗决策之外建立集中的患者支持系统的重要性。研究结果有助于更好地理解黑人/AA患者如何看待TGP,以及如何制定干预措施来帮助他们就继发性遗传结果做出明智的决策。