在埃努古州,重金属特征及其在饮用水中的健康风险特点和长期挑战。
Heavy metal profile with health risk peculiarities in Enugu State and their long-term challenges in drinking water.
机构信息
Materials and Energy Technology Department, Projects Development Institute (PRODA), Emene Industrial Layout, P.M.B. 01609, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Department of Geology, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology Owerri, PMB 1526, Imo State, Nigeria.
出版信息
J Water Health. 2024 May;22(5):939-952. doi: 10.2166/wh.2024.059. Epub 2024 Mar 28.
Health authorities are particularly concerned about water security in Enugu, southeast Nigeria and heavy metal (HM) pollution. The HM profiles of 51 samples collected from 17 different commercial bottled water brands in Enugu were examined using an flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn had mean values of 0.15 ± 0.03, 0.03 ± 0.02, 0.16 ± 0.03, 0.13 ± 0.02, and 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/L, respectively. The highest levels of Pb were 0.27 mg/L in Exalté, Ni 0.26 mg/L in Jasmine, Cd 0.36 mg/L in Ezbon, Cr 0.07 mg/L in Trinity, Cu 0.04 mg/L in Bigi, and Zn 0.02 mg/L in Aquarapha. The amounts of Cr, Cu, and Zn were below the allowable limits; nevertheless, the Pb content in eight bottled water samples exceeded both the Nigerian and World Health Organization (WHO)/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) permissible limits. The Cd and Ni levels in the 11th and 4th bottled water samples were above the WHO/USEPA-approved limits. Statistical evaluation revealed significant differences in the amounts of HM ions in the samples ( < 0.05). The findings indicated that concentration levels of Cd Ni, and Pb pose a public health concern that needs to be addressed due to potential risk to consumer health.
卫生当局特别关注尼日利亚东南部埃努古的水安全和重金属(HM)污染问题。使用火焰原子吸收光谱法对从埃努古 17 个不同商业瓶装水品牌采集的 51 个样本的 HM 剖面进行了检查。Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Ni 和 Zn 的平均值分别为 0.15 ± 0.03、0.03 ± 0.02、0.16 ± 0.03、0.13 ± 0.02 和 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/L。Pb 的最高含量为 0.27mg/L 的 Exalté,Ni 为 0.26mg/L 的 Jasmine,Cd 为 0.36mg/L 的 Ezbon,Cr 为 0.07mg/L 的 Trinity,Cu 为 0.04mg/L 的 Bigi 和 Zn 为 0.02mg/L 的 Aquarapha。Cr、Cu 和 Zn 的含量低于允许限量;然而,8 种瓶装水中的 Pb 含量均超过了尼日利亚和世界卫生组织(WHO)/美国环境保护署(USEPA)规定的限量。第 11 和第 4 种瓶装水样本中的 Cd 和 Ni 含量超过了 WHO/USEPA 批准的限量。统计评估显示,样本中 HM 离子的含量存在显著差异(<0.05)。研究结果表明,Cd、Ni 和 Pb 的浓度水平对公共健康构成了关注,由于对消费者健康的潜在风险,需要加以解决。