Bacteria dysbiosis and its accompanying inflammation or compromised mucosal integrity is associated with an increased risk of HIV-1 transmission. However, HIV-1 may also bind bacteria or bacterial products to impact infectivity and transmissibility. This study evaluated HIV-1 interactions with bacteria through glycan-binding lectins. The Siglec-like lectin SLBR-N, a part of the fimbriae shrouding the bacteria surface that recognizes α2,3 sialyated -linked glycans, was noted for its ability to enhance HIV-1 infectivity in the context of cell-free infection and cell-to-cell transfer. Enhancing effects were recapitulated with -glycan-binding plant lectins, signifying the importance of -glycans. -glycan-binding bacterial lectins FimH and Msl had no effect. SLBR-N was demonstrated to capture and transfer infectious HIV-1 virions, bind to -glycans on HIV-1 Env, and increase HIV-1 resistance to neutralizing antibodies targeting different regions of Env. This study highlights the potential contribution of -glycan-binding lectins from commensal bacteria at the mucosa in promoting HIV-1 infection.