CRIMEDIM - Center for Research and Training in Disaster Medicine, Humanitarian Aid, and Global Health, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jul 29;12:1343867. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1343867. eCollection 2024.
In the past decade, humanitarian emergencies have been increasing, leading to an higher demand for humanitarian health professionalization. Education and training are critical for preparing these workers to provide effective care during crises. Understanding the current state-of-the-art in humanitarian health education is essential to inform research and development of future educational programs. This review surveys the peer-reviewed literature to provide insights into the current thinking in the field.
A review was conducted in March 2023 and updated in May 2024 using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Education Resources Information Center databases for English-language peer-reviewed articles published since January 2013. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews and adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis and presented as a narrative descriptive summary.
After screening, 32 articles met the inclusion criteria. The themes of the selected articles focus on education and training frameworks, mapping, and programs. Despite the growing opportunities, most education and training programs are based in the Global North. The gaps identified include a lack of standardized curriculum or competency frameworks and evaluation frameworks to guide the development and evaluation of further standardized training programs. Interdisciplinary and collaborative partnerships, iterative design, and mixed teaching methods and modalities, including e-learning, facilitated successful training. However, logistical and technical constraints and the lack of standardized training frameworks were barriers to developing, implementing, and evaluating such training programs.
This review provides an overview of the humanitarian health education trends over the last decade and identifies key areas for future educational development and research. The findings emphasize the importance of adapting interdisciplinary and collaborative partnerships and prioritizing the training of local staff through regional centers, local leadership, and accessible e-learning, including e-simulation. The review also highlights the need for continued research and evaluation of humanitarian health education and training programs with standardized metrics to evaluate training programs and identify areas for improvement. These steps will help ensure that humanitarian health professionals receive adequate training to provide effective healthcare in crisis situations.
在过去的十年中，人道主义紧急情况不断增加，导致对人道主义卫生专业人员的需求增加。教育和培训对于培训这些工作人员在危机期间提供有效护理至关重要。了解人道主义卫生教育的最新现状对于为未来教育计划的研究和开发提供信息至关重要。本综述调查了同行评议文献，以提供该领域当前思维的见解。
2023 年 3 月进行了一次审查，并于 2024 年 5 月更新，使用 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和教育资源信息中心数据库，检索自 2013 年 1 月以来发表的英语同行评议文章。该综述遵循 Joanna Briggs 研究所的范围综述方法，并遵守扩展后的系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA-ScR）。使用定性内容分析对数据进行分析，并以叙述性描述摘要呈现。
经过筛选，有 32 篇文章符合纳入标准。所选文章的主题侧重于教育和培训框架、映射和计划。尽管机会不断增加，但大多数教育和培训计划仍基于北半球。确定的差距包括缺乏标准化课程或能力框架以及评估框架，以指导进一步标准化培训计划的制定和评估。跨学科和协作伙伴关系、迭代设计以及混合教学方法和模式，包括电子学习，促进了成功的培训。然而，后勤和技术限制以及缺乏标准化培训框架是开发、实施和评估此类培训计划的障碍。
本综述提供了过去十年人道主义卫生教育趋势的概述，并确定了未来教育发展和研究的关键领域。研究结果强调了适应跨学科和协作伙伴关系以及通过区域中心、当地领导和可访问的电子学习（包括电子模拟）优先培训当地工作人员的重要性。该综述还强调了需要对人道主义卫生教育和培训计划进行持续研究和评估，并使用标准化指标评估培训计划和确定改进领域。这些步骤将有助于确保人道主义卫生专业人员接受足够的培训，以便在危机情况下提供有效的医疗保健。
