Zhang Yong, Zhang Ya-Jun, Qian Yongdong, Meng Zhaofeng, Ying Xiaofang
School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China.
College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Sep 17;14(9):831. doi: 10.3390/bs14090831.
Identifying the correlates of exercise behavior is essential to combating physical inactivity as a public health concern. The purpose of this study is to identify the correlates of physical activity among urban Chinese adults under the social-ecological theoretical model in order to facilitate targeted interventions to promote physical activity.
Using the socio-ecological model, we conducted a questionnaire survey among 1459 urban residents in Zhejiang and Shaanxi provinces of China, collecting data on individual demographic factors, sociological factors, environmental perception, and exercise behavior. Binary logistic regression models were employed to analyze the relationships between exercise behavior and socio-ecological factors.
Male gender ( < 0.01), advanced age ( < 0.001), higher education level ( < 0.05), living independently from parents ( < 0.05), absence of childcare responsibilities ( < 0.01), residence in a county/prefecture-level city ( < 0.001), favorable neighborhood esthetics ( < 0.001), available greenways/parks ( < 0.001), and family support for exercise participation ( < 0.05) were significantly correlated with an increased likelihood of participating in physical activity. Male gender ( < 0.001), advanced age ( < 0.001), absence of childcare responsibilities ( < 0.05), good neighborhood vegetation ( < 0.01), availability of free neighborhood exercise facilities ( < 0.05), and support from friends for exercise participation ( < 0.01) were significantly correlated with an increased likelihood of engaging in physical activity for more than 150 min per week. BMI, community air quality, traffic safety, public safety, and level of social development were not major correlates.
To promote exercise behavior, more attention should be paid to individuals who are female, young, have lower levels of education, bear childcare responsibilities, or reside in provincial capitals in China. Improving the habitat environment and providing convenient and affordable facilities should also be considered. Furthermore, support from family and friends can positively reinforce exercise behavior.
确定运动行为的相关因素对于应对缺乏身体活动这一公共卫生问题至关重要。本研究的目的是在社会生态理论模型下，确定中国城市成年人身体活动的相关因素，以便推动有针对性的干预措施来促进身体活动。
运用社会生态模型，我们对中国浙江和陕西两省的1459名城市居民进行了问卷调查，收集了关于个人人口统计学因素、社会学因素、环境认知和运动行为的数据。采用二元逻辑回归模型分析运动行为与社会生态因素之间的关系。
男性（<0.01）、高龄（<0.001）、较高教育水平（<0.05）、独立于父母居住（<0.05）、无育儿责任（<0.01）、居住在县/地级市（<0.001）、良好的邻里美观度（<0.001）、有绿道/公园（<0.001）以及家庭对运动参与的支持（<0.05）与参与身体活动可能性增加显著相关。男性（<0.001）、高龄（<0.001）、无育儿责任（<0.05）、良好的邻里植被（<0.01）、有免费的邻里运动设施（<0.05）以及朋友对运动参与的支持（<0.01）与每周进行超过150分钟身体活动的可能性增加显著相关。体重指数、社区空气质量、交通安全、公共安全和社会发展水平并非主要相关因素。
为促进运动行为，应更多关注中国女性、年轻人、教育水平较低、有育儿责任或居住在省会城市的人群。还应考虑改善居住环境并提供方便且经济实惠的设施。此外，家人和朋友的支持能够积极强化运动行为。
