靶向乳腺癌中的c-Met:从化疗耐药机制到新型治疗策略
Targeting c-Met in breast cancer: From mechanisms of chemoresistance to novel therapeutic strategies.
作者信息
Iweala Emeka Eze Joshua, Amuji Doris Nnenna, Oluwajembola Abimbola Mary, Ugbogu Eziuche Amadike
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry, College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria.
Covenant Applied Informatics and Communication Africa Centre of Excellence (CApIC-ACE), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria.
出版信息
Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov. 2024 Oct 22;7:100204. doi: 10.1016/j.crphar.2024.100204. eCollection 2024.
Breast cancer presents a significant challenge due to its heterogeneity and propensity for developing chemoresistance, particularly in the triple-negative subtype. c-Mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (c-Met), a receptor tyrosine kinase, presents a promising target for breast cancer therapy due to its involvement in disease progression and poor prognosis. However, the heterogeneous expression of c-Met within breast cancer subtypes and individual tumors complicates targeted therapy. Also, cancer cells can develop resistance to c-Met inhibitors through various mechanisms, including bypass signaling pathways and genetic mutations. The off-target effects of c-Met inhibitors further limit their clinical utility, necessitating the development of more selective agents. To overcome these challenges, personalized treatment approaches and combination therapies are being explored to improve treatment efficacy while minimizing adverse effects. Novel c-Met inhibitors with improved selectivity and reduced off-target toxicity show promise in preclinical studies. Additionally, targeted delivery systems aim to enhance drug localization and reduce systemic toxicity. Future directions involve refining inhibitor design and integrating c-Met inhibition into personalized treatment regimens guided by molecular profiling. This review explores the mechanisms by which c-Met contributes to chemoresistance in breast cancer and current challenges in targeting c-Met for breast cancer therapy. It discusses strategies to optimize treatment outcomes, ultimately improving patient prognosis and reducing mortality rates associated with this devastating disease.
由于乳腺癌具有异质性且易于产生化疗耐药性,尤其是三阴性亚型,因此它带来了重大挑战。c-Met(间充质上皮转化因子)是一种受体酪氨酸激酶,由于其参与疾病进展且预后不良,成为乳腺癌治疗的一个有前景的靶点。然而,c-Met在乳腺癌亚型和个体肿瘤中的异质性表达使靶向治疗变得复杂。此外,癌细胞可通过多种机制对c-Met抑制剂产生耐药性,包括旁路信号通路和基因突变。c-Met抑制剂的脱靶效应进一步限制了它们的临床应用,因此需要开发更具选择性的药物。为了克服这些挑战,人们正在探索个性化治疗方法和联合疗法,以提高治疗效果,同时将不良反应降至最低。具有更高选择性和更低脱靶毒性的新型c-Met抑制剂在临床前研究中显示出前景。此外,靶向递送系统旨在增强药物定位并降低全身毒性。未来的方向包括优化抑制剂设计,并将c-Met抑制纳入以分子谱分析为指导的个性化治疗方案中。这篇综述探讨了c-Met导致乳腺癌化疗耐药的机制以及目前针对乳腺癌治疗靶向c-Met所面临的挑战。它讨论了优化治疗结果的策略,最终改善患者预后并降低与这种毁灭性疾病相关的死亡率。