[欧洲心脏病学会2024年慢性冠状动脉综合征指南]
[Guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology on chronic coronary syndrome from 2024].
作者信息
Achenbach Stephan
机构信息
Medizinische Klinik 2, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland.
出版信息
Herz. 2025 Feb;50(1):8-16. doi: 10.1007/s00059-024-05288-5. Epub 2024 Dec 10.
The 2024 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines on chronic coronary syndrome comprehensively summarize the symptoms, diagnostics and treatment of coronary artery disease, excluding acute coronary syndromes. The processing always begins with an estimation of the clinical probability, which should include not only the symptom profile but also the number of cardiovascular risk factors and is further modified by any conspicuous findings in electrocardiography (ECG), exercise testing, or echocardiography. For further diagnostics, coronary angiography via computed tomography is the first-line approach if the probability lies between 5% and 50%. For probabilities of 50-85% procedures for imaging-based ischemia detection are indicated, while for even higher probabilities immediate invasive diagnostics are given priority. The treatment includes intensive risk modification, medicinal anti-anginal treatment and finally revascularization by coronary intervention or bypass surgery. In the absence of high-risk constellations a medication-based approach should be initially preferred, with revascularization indicated if symptoms persist. The new guidelines also extensively address angina and ischemia without obstructive coronary lesions. In this context, intensive risk modification and initial medication treatment are again recommended.
2024年欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)慢性冠状动脉综合征指南全面总结了冠状动脉疾病的症状、诊断和治疗方法,但不包括急性冠状动脉综合征。诊疗过程始终从临床概率评估开始,这不仅应包括症状特征,还应包括心血管危险因素的数量,并会因心电图(ECG)、运动试验或超声心动图中的任何显著发现而进一步修正。对于进一步诊断,如果概率在5%至50%之间,通过计算机断层扫描进行冠状动脉造影是一线方法。对于概率为50-85%的情况,建议采用基于成像的缺血检测程序,而对于更高的概率,则优先进行直接侵入性诊断。治疗包括强化风险修正、药物抗心绞痛治疗,最后是通过冠状动脉介入或搭桥手术进行血运重建。在没有高风险组合的情况下,最初应首选基于药物的方法,如果症状持续则进行血运重建。新指南还广泛涉及无阻塞性冠状动脉病变的心绞痛和缺血情况。在此背景下,再次建议强化风险修正和初始药物治疗。