Zolfaghari Azadeh, Beheshti-Maal Keivan, Ahadi Ali Mohammad, Monajemi Ramesh
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord University, Isfahan, Iran.
Future Microbiol. 2025 Feb;20(3):189-199. doi: 10.1080/17460913.2024.2443329. Epub 2024 Dec 20.
Leishmaniasis is a globally prevalent parasitic disease that has drawn significant attention. Killer yeasts offer a novel biological control method, presenting a potential alternative for treating leishmaniasis. This study evaluates the antileishmanial activity of and killer toxins against .
MATERIALS & METHODS: Killer yeasts were isolated using the Well method. The genes encoding K2 and K.L killer toxins were identified by PCR, and the toxins were purified via SDS-PAGE. Antileishmanial and cytotoxic effects on promastigotes and amastigotes were evaluated using the MTT assay.
The first killer isolate was identified as ZBAM (GenBank accession: OQ376749.1) and the second as ZBAM (GenBank accession: OQ401036.1). IC50 values of K2 and K.L toxins against promastigotes were significantly lower than Glucantime and Amphotericin B. The EC50 values at 24 hours for Glucantime, K2, and K.L were 11.83 ± 0.02 μg/ml, 2.35 ± 0.01 μg/ml, and 3.23 ± 0.03 μg/ml, respectively. The EC50 values for K2 and K.L against amastigotes were also lower than Glucantime.
This is the first report of the antileishmanial effects of K2 and K.L toxins against , suggesting these yeasts as promising candidates for biological leishmaniasis treatment.
利什曼病是一种全球流行的寄生虫病，已引起广泛关注。杀伤性酵母提供了一种新的生物控制方法，为治疗利什曼病提供了潜在的替代方案。本研究评估了[具体两种杀伤性酵母]及其杀伤毒素对[利什曼原虫种类]的抗利什曼活性。
采用孔板法分离杀伤性酵母。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）鉴定编码K2和K.L杀伤毒素的基因，并通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）纯化毒素。使用噻唑蓝（MTT）法评估对[利什曼原虫种类]前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体的抗利什曼和细胞毒性作用。
第一个杀伤性分离株被鉴定为[酵母种类]ZBAM（基因库登录号：OQ376749.1），第二个为[酵母种类]ZBAM（基因库登录号：OQ401036.1）。K2和K.L毒素对[利什曼原虫种类]前鞭毛体的半数抑制浓度（IC50）值显著低于葡糖胺锑钠和两性霉素B。葡糖胺锑钠、K2和K.L在24小时时的半数有效浓度（EC50）值分别为11.83±0.02μg/ml、2.35±0.01μg/ml和3.23±0.03μg/ml。K2和K.L对[利什曼原虫种类]无鞭毛体的EC50值也低于葡糖胺锑钠。
这是关于K2和K.L毒素对[利什曼原虫种类]抗利什曼作用的首次报道，表明这些酵母有望成为治疗利什曼病的生物制剂。
