Pantoja-Arévalo Lisset, Gesteiro Eva, Pérez-Ruiz Margarita, Tang Songxin, Urrialde Rafael, González-Gross Marcela
ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 20;16(24):4384. doi: 10.3390/nu16244384.
An optimal physical condition has beneficial effects in adults at risk of chronic diseases. However, research data on how adverse reactions to food (ARFSs) are linked to physical performance are lacking. The aims of this study were (a) to investigate the prevalence of ARFS according to age; (b) to analyze physical performance level according to the type of ARFS; and (c) to determine the probability of having a positive ARFS according to physical performance levels. A cross-sectional study with 254 Spanish adults (61% women; mean age 43.7 ± 13 y) scoring ≥ 6 in PSIMP-ARFSQ-10 (pathologies and symptomatology questionnaire associated with adverse reactions to foodstuffs) was conducted in the region of Madrid, Spain, following the ALASKA study protocol. Immune-mediated variables used to measure ARFS were sIgE and sIgG antibody reactions (AbR) (type 1 and type 2 food hypersensitivities, respectively); non-immune-mediated variables used to measure ARFS were lactose intolerance and fructose malabsorption. Physical performance variables were body balance, leg power, sit-to-stand speed, resting heart rate, handgrip strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. The most prevalent sIgE- and sIgG-mediated ARFSs were against legumes (53% and 46%; 60% and 68% in subjects with ≤45 y and >45 y, respectively). Handgrip strength was significantly lower in subjects positive for lactose intolerance compared to subjects negative for lactose intolerance ( < 0.05). Both the positive mean sIgE and sIgG AbR were significantly associated with high physical performance ( < 0.05). Subjects with high physical performance showed a 1.5-fold increase in the odds of the positive mean total sIgE and positive sIgG AbR against legumes. In conclusion, subjects aged 45 or younger had a higher prevalence of total type 1 and type 2 food hypersensitivities than subjects older than 45 y. Positive lactose intolerance was linked to lower values of handgrip strength. Subjects with high physical performance, whether male or female, aged ≤45 years, or with a BMI of ≥25, showed significant odds of experiencing type 1 food hypersensitivity to nuts.
最佳身体状况对有患慢性病风险的成年人具有有益影响。然而，关于食物不良反应（ARFSs）与身体机能如何关联的研究数据尚缺。本研究的目的是：（a）按年龄调查ARFS的患病率；（b）根据ARFS的类型分析身体机能水平；（c）根据身体机能水平确定出现阳性ARFS的概率。按照阿拉斯加研究方案，在西班牙马德里地区对254名西班牙成年人（61%为女性；平均年龄43.7±13岁）进行了一项横断面研究，这些成年人在PSIMP - ARFSQ - 10（与食物不良反应相关的病理学和症状学问卷）中的得分≥6分。用于测量ARFS的免疫介导变量为sIgE和sIgG抗体反应（AbR）（分别为1型和2型食物过敏）；用于测量ARFS的非免疫介导变量为乳糖不耐受和果糖吸收不良。身体机能变量包括身体平衡、腿部力量、从坐到站的速度、静息心率、握力和心肺适能。设定统计学显著性水平为0.05。最常见的sIgE和sIgG介导的ARFS是针对豆类（分别为53%和46%；≤45岁和＞45岁的受试者中分别为60%和68%）。乳糖不耐受呈阳性的受试者的握力显著低于乳糖不耐受呈阴性的受试者（P＜0.05）。sIgE和sIgG AbR的阳性均值均与较高的身体机能显著相关（P＜0.05）。身体机能良好的受试者针对豆类的sIgE总阳性均值和sIgG AbR阳性的几率增加了1.5倍。总之，45岁及以下的受试者1型和2型食物过敏的总患病率高于45岁以上的受试者。乳糖不耐受呈阳性与较低的握力值相关。身体机能良好的受试者，无论男女，年龄≤45岁或BMI≥25，出现对坚果的1型食物过敏的几率显著增加。
