蜜蜂(西方蜜蜂)接触杀虫剂及其混合物后工蜂生化标志物的半田间研究。

Semi-field studies on biochemical markers of honey bee workers (Apis mellifera) after exposure to pesticides and their mixtures.

作者信息

Murawska Agnieszka, Berbeć Ewelina, Latarowski Krzysztof, Roman Adam, Migdał Paweł

机构信息

Department of Bees Breeding, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.

Department of Human Nutrition, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2025 Jan 30;20(1):e0309567. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309567. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

Due to the fact that many different pesticides are used in crop production and their residues can accumulate in the environment, bees are in contact with various pesticides at the same time. Most studies on their influence on honey bees focus on single substances in concentrations higher than those found in the environment. Our study assessed the chronic effects of commonly used pesticides and their mixtures on selected biochemical markers in worker bee hemolymph. Workers developed in the hive and were provisioned with to pesticides in concentrations corresponding to residues detected in pollen, honey, and/or nectar. Colonies were exposed daily to 0.5L for 7 days by feeding a sugar syrup containing a formulation of acetamiprid (250 ppb) (insecticide), glyphosate (7200 ppb) (herbicide), and tebuconazole (147 ppb) (fungicide) administered alone, in a binary or ternary mixture. Administered alone, acetamiprid significantly decreased the level of urea in the hemolymph of worker honey bees. Glyphosate did not affect significantly the level/activity of any of the biochemical markers. Tebuconazole caused changes in the levels of most of the studied biochemical markers. We found that tebuconazole, which as a fungicide is generally considered safe for bees, may be harmful and more research is required. The impact of fungicides is a crucial element of the assessment of threats to honey bees.

摘要

由于在作物生产中使用了多种不同的农药,且其残留物会在环境中积累,蜜蜂会同时接触到各种农药。大多数关于农药对蜜蜂影响的研究都集中在单一物质上,且其浓度高于环境中发现的浓度。我们的研究评估了常用农药及其混合物对工蜂血淋巴中选定生化指标的慢性影响。在蜂巢中发育的工蜂被喂食了与花粉、蜂蜜和/或花蜜中检测到的残留物浓度相对应的两种农药。通过喂食含有啶虫脒(250 ppb)(杀虫剂)、草甘膦(7200 ppb)(除草剂)和戊唑醇(147 ppb)(杀菌剂)配方的糖浆,蜂群每天暴露于0.5升,持续7天,这些农药单独使用、二元混合或三元混合。单独使用时,啶虫脒显著降低了工蜂血淋巴中尿素的水平。草甘膦对任何生化指标的水平/活性均无显著影响。戊唑醇导致了大多数研究的生化指标水平发生变化。我们发现,戊唑醇作为一种杀菌剂通常被认为对蜜蜂是安全的,但可能是有害的,需要更多的研究。杀菌剂的影响是评估对蜜蜂威胁的关键因素。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1710/11781695/02e85433d9ad/pone.0309567.g001.jpg

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