院内出血对急性冠状动脉综合征出院后治疗及预后的影响

Impact of In-Hospital Bleeding on Postdischarge Therapies and Prognosis in Acute Coronary Syndromes.

作者信息

Spadafora Luigi, Betti Matteo, D'Ascenzo Fabrizio, De Ferrari Gaetano, De Filippo Ovidio, Gaudio Carlo, Collet Carlos, Sabouret Pierre, Agostoni Pierfrancesco, Zivelonghi Carlo, Pernice Bianca, Sarto Gianmarco, Simeone Beatrice, Rocco Erica, Russo Federico, Giordano Salvatore, Pierucci Nicola, Testa Alberto, Cacciatore Stefano, Biondi-Zoccai Giuseppe, Bernardi Marco

机构信息

Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy.

Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Cardiovascular Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

出版信息

J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2025 May 1;85(5):322-328. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0000000000001678.

Abstract

Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) continue to pose significant challenges for clinical practitioners, particularly regarding the prediction of mid- to long-term outcomes. This study aims to investigate the impact of in-hospital bleeding (IHB) at 1-year follow-up in patients admitted for ACS. Data from 23,270 patients enrolled in the international PRAISE registry and discharged after ACS were analyzed. A total of 1060 patients experienced IHB, whereas 18,765 did not; 3445 were excluded because of missing data. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at 1 year. Secondary endpoints included major bleeding, reinfarction, and composite endpoints at 1 year. Patients with IHB were older, more frequently female, and had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (all P < 0.05). At discharge, IHB patients were less likely to receive optimal medical therapy. At the 1-year follow-up, all-cause mortality, major bleeding, and reinfarction were significantly higher in the IHB group (all P s < 0.001). Bivariate analysis showed a strong association between IHB and all the outcomes of interest (all odds ratios >1; all P s < 0.001). These associations remained significant even after adjusting for several covariates, except for reinfarction (odds ratio 1.3; 95% confidence interval 0.9-2.11; P = 0.149). Age, female sex, hypertension, and peripheral artery disease were found to be independent predictors of IHB, whereas drug-eluting stent implantation, radial access, and left ventricular ejection fraction were identified as protective factors. IHB is a hallmark of frailty in patients with ACS; therefore, greater attention should be given during follow-up to patients experiencing this condition.

摘要

急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)继续给临床医生带来重大挑战,尤其是在预测中长期预后方面。本研究旨在调查因ACS入院患者1年随访时院内出血(IHB)的影响。分析了国际PRAISE注册研究中纳入的23270例ACS患者出院后的资料。共有1060例患者发生IHB,18765例未发生;3445例因数据缺失被排除。主要终点是1年时的全因死亡率。次要终点包括1年时的大出血、再梗死和复合终点。发生IHB的患者年龄更大,女性更常见,心血管危险因素的患病率更高(所有P<0.05)。出院时,发生IHB的患者接受最佳药物治疗的可能性较小。在1年随访时,IHB组的全因死亡率、大出血和再梗死显著更高(所有P<0.001)。二元分析显示IHB与所有感兴趣的结局之间存在强关联(所有比值比>1;所有P<0.001)。即使在调整了几个协变量后,这些关联仍然显著,但再梗死除外(比值比1.3;95%置信区间0.9 - 2.11;P = 0.149)。年龄、女性、高血压和外周动脉疾病被发现是IHB的独立预测因素,而药物洗脱支架植入、桡动脉入路和左心室射血分数被确定为保护因素。IHB是ACS患者虚弱的标志;因此,在随访期间应更加关注发生这种情况的患者。

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