Tang Li, Wang Zinian, Hsiao Hua-Hsin, Kwan Marilyn L, Ergas Isaac J, Roh Janise M, Valice Emily, Yao Song, Zhu Qianqian, Quesenberry Charles P, Ambrosone Christine B, Kushi Lawrence H
Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York.
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Pleasanton, California.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2025 Jul 1;34(7):1177-1187. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-24-1861.
Beneficial effects of cruciferous vegetable intake on breast cancer survival have long been postulated because they are primary sources of isothiocyanates, phytochemicals with multifaceted anticancer activities. However, observational studies have reported inconsistent results. We hypothesized that variations in vegetable types and polymorphisms in isothiocyanate-metabolizing genes across self-identified race and ethnicity contribute to such inconsistencies.
In the Pathways Study, a prospective cohort study of women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2005 and 2013 at Kaiser Permanente Northern California, cruciferous vegetable intake was assessed at diagnosis using food frequency questionnaires. Functional polymorphisms in isothiocyanate-metabolizing genes were identified in the literature and genotyped. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The analysis included 3,656 (2,489 non-Hispanic White, 241 Black, 463 Asian, 378 Hispanic, and 85 others) participants.
An overall inverse association between cruciferous vegetable intake and risk of total invasive events, including recurrence, second primary cancers, and death, was observed in age-adjusted models (HR, 0.86; 95% CI per serving, 0.77-0.97), whereas no significant dose-dependent associations were observed in multivariable analyses (HR, 0.91; 95% CI per serving, 0.78-1.05). Within racial and ethnic groups, significant associations were observed with different individual vegetables and in women with certain genotypes of isothiocyanate-metabolizing genes.
Vegetable types and isothiocyanate-metabolizing gene polymorphisms affect the associations of cruciferous vegetable intake with breast cancer survival.
Our findings highlight the importance of considering race and ethnicity when evaluating cruciferous vegetable intake in breast cancer survival.
长期以来，人们一直推测食用十字花科蔬菜对乳腺癌患者的生存有益，因为十字花科蔬菜是异硫氰酸盐的主要来源，而异硫氰酸盐是一类具有多种抗癌活性的植物化学物质。然而，观察性研究报告的结果并不一致。我们推测，不同的蔬菜类型以及自我认定的种族和族裔中异硫氰酸盐代谢基因的多态性导致了这种不一致。
在“通路研究”中，这是一项对2005年至2013年在北加利福尼亚凯撒医疗集团被诊断为乳腺癌的女性进行的前瞻性队列研究，在诊断时使用食物频率问卷评估十字花科蔬菜的摄入量。通过文献确定异硫氰酸盐代谢基因的功能多态性并进行基因分型。使用Cox比例风险模型计算风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI）。分析纳入了3656名参与者（2489名非西班牙裔白人、241名黑人、463名亚洲人、378名西班牙裔和85名其他种族）。
在年龄调整模型中，观察到十字花科蔬菜摄入量与包括复发、第二原发性癌症和死亡在内的总侵袭性事件风险之间总体呈负相关（HR，0.86；每份的95%CI，0.77 - 0.97），而在多变量分析中未观察到显著的剂量依赖性关联（HR，0.91；每份的95%CI，0.78 - 1.05）。在不同种族和族裔群体中，观察到与不同的单一蔬菜以及具有某些异硫氰酸盐代谢基因基因型的女性存在显著关联。
蔬菜类型和异硫氰酸盐代谢基因多态性影响十字花科蔬菜摄入量与乳腺癌生存之间的关联。
我们的研究结果强调了在评估十字花科蔬菜摄入量对乳腺癌生存的影响时考虑种族和族裔的重要性。
