Blenkinsopp W K, Chapman P
J Reprod Med. 1982 Nov;27(11):709-13.
Consecutive cervical smears examined in 1980 were divided into those from women using intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) (757) and those not using them (11,711). Actinomycetes were not found in the non-IUD group but were present in 7.0% of the IUD group and were significantly more common in women with plastic IUDs (11.7%) than in those with copper ones (2.1%). Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), grade 3, was significantly more common in the IUD group (1.06%) than in the non-IUD group (0.34%). Trichomonas infection was significantly more common in women with IUDs and actinomycetes (9.4%), in those with IUDs and without actinomycetes (1.6%) and in those without IUDs attending the clinic for sexually transmitted disease (STD) (5.9%) than in non-IUD, non-STD women (0.7%). Candida infection was not more common in women with IUDs (with or without actinomycetes) (1.2%) than in non-IUD, non-STD women (2.1%) but was significantly more common in STD women (3.8%). A repeat study in 1981 showed a similar prevalence of CIN 3: 1.03% of the IUD group (485) and 0.33% of the non-IUD group (10,850).
1980年检查的连续宫颈涂片被分为使用宫内节育器（IUD）的女性（757例）和未使用宫内节育器的女性（11,711例）的涂片。在未使用宫内节育器的组中未发现放线菌，但在使用宫内节育器的组中有7.0%发现了放线菌，并且在使用塑料宫内节育器的女性中（11.7%）比使用铜宫内节育器的女性中（2.1%）更常见。3级宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）在使用宫内节育器的组中（1.06%）比未使用宫内节育器的组中（0.34%）明显更常见。滴虫感染在有宫内节育器且有放线菌的女性中（9.4%）、有宫内节育器且无放线菌的女性中（1.6%）以及因性传播疾病（STD）就诊且未使用宫内节育器的女性中（5.9%）比未使用宫内节育器且无STD的女性（0.7%）明显更常见。念珠菌感染在使用宫内节育器的女性（无论有无放线菌）中（1.2%）并不比未使用宫内节育器且无STD的女性（2.1%）更常见，但在STD女性中（3.8%）明显更常见。1981年的一项重复研究显示CIN 3的患病率相似：使用宫内节育器的组（485例）为1.03%，未使用宫内节育器的组（10,850例）为0.33%。
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