Zhang Z F, Shu X M, Cordon-Cardo C, Orlow I, Lu M L, Millon T V, Cao P Q, Connolly-Jenks C, Dalbagni G, Lianes P, Lacombe L, Reuter V E, Scher H
Department of Epidemiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1997 May;6(5):321-6.
Epidemiological studies suggest that bladder cancer may be caused by carcinogens in tobacco and certain occupational exposures. Molecular studies have shown that chromosome 9 alterations and TP53 mutations are the most frequent events in bladder cancer. To date, the relationships between epidemiological risk factors and genetic alterations have not been fully explored in bladder cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between smoking and chromosome 9 aberrations in bladder cancer cases. Seventy-three patients with bladder cancer at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center were evaluated for smoking history, occupational history, and chromosome 9 alterations. The epidemiological data were abstracted from medical charts. Patients' tumor tissues were analyzed using RFLP and microsatellite polymorphism assays for detection of chromosome 9 alterations. Elevated odds ratios (ORs) were found for chromosome 9 alterations in smokers compared to those in nonsmokers (OR = 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-17.0) after controlling for age, sex, race, occupational history, and stage of disease. The ORs were 3.6 for those smoking < or = 20 cigarettes per day and 5.8 for those smoking > 20 cigarettes per day. No association was found between occupational history and chromosome 9 alterations. This study supplies evidence suggestive of the link between smoking and chromosome 9 alterations in the etiology of bladder cancer and indicates that potential tumor suppressor genes on chromosome 9 may be involved in smoking-related bladder carcinogenesis.
流行病学研究表明，膀胱癌可能由烟草中的致癌物和某些职业暴露引起。分子研究显示，9号染色体改变和TP53突变是膀胱癌中最常见的事件。迄今为止，膀胱癌中流行病学危险因素与基因改变之间的关系尚未得到充分探讨。本研究的目的是探讨膀胱癌患者吸烟与9号染色体畸变之间的关联。对纪念斯隆凯特琳癌症中心的73例膀胱癌患者的吸烟史、职业史和9号染色体改变进行了评估。流行病学数据从病历中提取。使用限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）和微卫星多态性分析对患者的肿瘤组织进行分析，以检测9号染色体改变。在控制了年龄、性别、种族、职业史和疾病分期后，发现吸烟者9号染色体改变的优势比（OR）高于不吸烟者（OR = 4.2；95%置信区间，1.02 - 17.0）。每天吸烟≤20支者的OR为3.6，每天吸烟>20支者的OR为5.8。未发现职业史与9号染色体改变之间存在关联。本研究提供了证据，提示吸烟与膀胱癌病因中9号染色体改变之间存在联系，并表明9号染色体上潜在的抑癌基因可能参与与吸烟相关的膀胱癌发生过程。
