Sullivan G, Young A S, Morgenstern H
RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, USA.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1997 May;32(4):185-90. doi: 10.1007/BF00788237.
This case-control study investigated the extent to which aberrant behaviors, in contrast to more traditional clinical factors (such as symptoms and alcohol abuse), place individuals with schizophrenia at increased risk for rehospitalization. One hundred and one recidivists (cases) were matched to 101 non-recidivists (controls) on gender, race, and time since index hospitalization. Key informants, usually family members, were interviewed to assess behaviors during a 2-week period. After controlling for possible confounding variables, we found that each aberrant behavior increased the risk for rehospitalization, but highly disruptive or dangerous behaviors (such as threatening others, acting very bizarrely, or attempting suicide) conveyed a markedly high degree of risk (adjusted odds ratio = 83.9). It is possible that service providers may be able to avert the fiscal and emotional cost of hospitalization by collaborating more closely with family members to identify these behaviors and intervene before hospitalization becomes unavoidable.
这项病例对照研究调查了与更传统的临床因素（如症状和酒精滥用）相比，异常行为在多大程度上使精神分裂症患者面临再次住院风险增加的情况。101名再住院患者（病例）在性别、种族和首次住院后的时间方面与101名非再住院患者（对照）进行了匹配。主要信息提供者通常是家庭成员，接受访谈以评估两周内的行为。在控制了可能的混杂变量后，我们发现每种异常行为都会增加再次住院的风险，但高度干扰性或危险行为（如威胁他人、行为非常怪异或企图自杀）带来的风险程度明显很高（调整后的优势比=83.9）。服务提供者有可能通过与家庭成员更密切合作来识别这些行为并在住院变得不可避免之前进行干预，从而避免住院的财政和情感成本。
