Bowen S E, Wiley J L, Jones H E, Balster R L
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1999 Feb;7(1):28-37. doi: 10.1037//1064-1297.7.1.28.
It has been shown that abused solvents, such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCE) and toluene, share certain pharmacological properties with central nervous system depressants, such as alcohol and anesthetic vapors. Several vapors were tested for diazepam (DZ)- and phencyclidine (PCP)-like discriminative stimulus effects to further explore their pharmacological specificity. In DZ-trained mice, methoxyflurane fully substituted, and TCE produced partial substitution. Fluorothyl and toluene produced no appreciable DZ-lever responding at any concentration tested. On the other hand, toluene produced concentration-related partial substitution for PCP, whereas methoxyflurane, TCE, and fluorothyl did not substitute. The substitution of some these vapors for DZ or PCP suggests that, like ethanol, the discriminative stimulus effects of abused solvents partially overlap those of N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists as well as those of gamma amino butyric acid agonists.
研究表明，被滥用的溶剂，如1,1,1-三氯乙烷（TCE）和甲苯，与中枢神经系统抑制剂，如酒精和麻醉蒸汽，具有某些药理学特性。测试了几种蒸汽的地西泮（DZ）和苯环己哌啶（PCP）样辨别刺激效应，以进一步探索它们的药理学特异性。在接受DZ训练的小鼠中，甲氧氟烷完全替代，TCE产生部分替代。氟乙烷和甲苯在任何测试浓度下都没有产生明显的DZ杠杆反应。另一方面，甲苯对PCP产生浓度相关的部分替代，而甲氧氟烷、TCE和氟乙烷则没有替代作用。这些蒸汽对DZ或PCP的替代表明，与乙醇一样，被滥用溶剂的辨别刺激效应部分与N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸拮抗剂以及γ-氨基丁酸激动剂的效应重叠。
