Kocakulah M, Hagenow N, Cope F
School of Business, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville.
Health Prog. 1990 Dec;71(10):48-51.
Since the prospective payment system mandated that they define and control costs more efficiently, healthcare organizations have separated nursing care from fixed overhead and reevaluated cost-containment restraints. Nursing objectives and daily data collection help to assign patients to one of four classes, from routine to continuous care. Providers can use these four classifications to monitor nursing productivity and allocate labor, employing such set variables as hours per patient day, indirect care, constant time, productive and nonproductive time, and profit margin. The result of this system is variable billing that more accurately reflects the true cost of nursing care. This proposed system of more open cost accounting makes patients and families more knowledgeable consumers. Administrators reviewing such cost breakdowns can evaluate nursing and other departments more effectively and market specific services more competitively. The system shows that nursing can be a profit, not a cost, center, which increases nurses' commitment and satisfaction. Organizations should encourage nurse managers to incorporate business into their traditional role. Cost accounting within nursing makes identified costs more manageable and increases efficiency throughout the organization.
由于前瞻性支付系统要求医疗机构更有效地界定和控制成本,它们已将护理服务与固定间接费用分开,并重新评估了成本控制措施。护理目标和日常数据收集有助于将患者分为四类中的一类,从常规护理到持续护理。医疗服务提供者可以利用这四种分类来监控护理效率并分配人力,采用诸如每位患者每天的护理时长、间接护理、固定时间、有效和无效时间以及利润率等设定变量。该系统的结果是可变计费,能更准确地反映护理服务的真实成本。这种更开放的成本核算系统使患者及其家属成为更明智的消费者。审查此类成本明细的管理人员能够更有效地评估护理部门和其他部门,并更具竞争力地推销特定服务。该系统表明,护理可以成为一个盈利中心,而非成本中心,这能增强护士的责任感和满意度。各机构应鼓励护士长将业务融入其传统角色。护理工作中的成本核算使已确定的成本更易于管理,并提高整个机构的效率。