家禽副产品粉作为反刍动物蛋白质来源的营养评价：阉牛小肠氨基酸流量及消失情况

Nutritional evaluation of poultry by-product meal as a protein source for ruminants: small intestinal amino acid flow and disappearance in steers.

作者信息

Bohnert D W, Larson B T, Bauer M L, Branco A F, McLeod K R, Harmon D L, Mitchell G E

机构信息

Department of Animal Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546, USA.

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 1999 Apr;77(4):1000-7. doi: 10.2527/1999.7741000x.

DOI:10.2527/1999.7741000x

PMID:10328368

Abstract

Six Angus steers (260+/-4 kg initial BW) fitted with ruminal, duodenal, and ileal cannulas were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square design to evaluate the effect of feeding poultry by-product meal (PBM) on small intestinal flow and disappearance of amino acids. The diets were provided at 2% of BW on a DM basis, formulated to contain 11.5% CP, and consisted of 49% corn silage, 36% cottonseed hulls, and 15% supplement on a DM basis. Supplements were formulated to contain 37% CP with sources of supplemental N being soybean meal (100% SBM) and 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% PBM, with urea used to balance for N. Duodenal flow of all amino acids increased linearly (P < .07) as PBM increased in the diet and, except for His, increased (P < .09) for 100% PBM compared with 100% SBM. Similar results were observed for duodenal flow of nonbacterial amino acids, which linearly increased (P < .05) with PBM and were greater (P < .05) for 100% PBM than for 100% SBM. Soybean meal increased (P < .09) the duodenal flow of nonbacterial Lys compared with 0% PBM, and 0% PBM increased (P < .04) flow of Val, Ala, and Pro compared with 100% SBM. Duodenal bacterial essential, nonessential, and total amino acid flows were not affected (P > .80) by PBM; however, they were greater (P < .02) for 100% SBM than for 100% PBM. In addition, nonessential and total bacterial amino acid flows were increased (P < .06) for 100% SBM compared with 0% PBM. Small intestinal disappearance of Lys and Pro increased linearly (P < .09) as PBM increased, and 100% PBM increased (P < .07) disappearance of Arg and Ala compared with 100% SBM. Supplemental N source had no effect (P > .31) on apparent small intestinal disappearance of essential, nonessential, and total amino acids. These data suggest that when PBM, SBM, and urea were used as sources of supplemental N, the daily disappearance of amino acids from the small intestine of steer calves consuming a corn silage- and cottonseed hull-based diet was similar.

摘要

选用6头安格斯阉牛（初始体重260±4千克），安装瘤胃、十二指肠和回肠瘘管，采用6×6拉丁方设计，以评估饲喂家禽副产品粉（PBM）对小肠氨基酸流量和消失率的影响。日粮按干物质基础计为体重的2%，配制含11.5%粗蛋白，由49%玉米青贮、36%棉籽壳和15%补充料（干物质基础）组成。补充料配制含37%粗蛋白，补充氮源为豆粕（100% SBM）以及0、25、50、75和100%的PBM，用尿素平衡氮。随着日粮中PBM增加，所有氨基酸的十二指肠流量呈线性增加（P<0.07），除组氨酸外，与100% SBM相比，100% PBM时氨基酸流量增加（P<0.09）。非细菌氨基酸的十二指肠流量也有类似结果，随PBM线性增加（P<0.05），且100% PBM时大于100% SBM（P<0.05）。与0% PBM相比，豆粕增加了非细菌赖氨酸的十二指肠流量（P<0.09），与100% SBM相比，0% PBM增加了缬氨酸、丙氨酸和脯氨酸的流量（P<0.04）。PBM对十二指肠细菌必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸和总氨基酸流量无影响（P>0.80）；然而，100% SBM时这些流量大于100% PBM（P<0.02）。此外，与0% PBM相比，100% SBM时非必需和总细菌氨基酸流量增加（P<0.06）。随着PBM增加，赖氨酸和脯氨酸的小肠消失率呈线性增加（P<0.09），与100% SBM相比，100% PBM时精氨酸和丙氨酸的消失率增加（P<0.07）。补充氮源对必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸和总氨基酸的表观小肠消失率无影响（P>0.31）。这些数据表明，当使用PBM、SBM和尿素作为补充氮源时，采食基于玉米青贮和棉籽壳日粮的阉牛犊小肠中氨基酸的每日消失率相似。