Siegel E L, Reiner B I
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201, USA.
J Digit Imaging. 1999 May;12(2 Suppl 1):6-8. doi: 10.1007/BF03168743.
Digital radiography (DR) has recently emerged as an attractive alternative to computed radiography (CR) for the acquisition of general radiographic studies in a digital environment. It offers the possibility of improved spatial and contrast resolution, decreased radiation dose due to improved efficiency of detection of x-ray photons, and perhaps most importantly, holds out the promise of increased technologist productivity. To achieve maximum efficiency, DR must be completely integrated into existing information systems, including the hospital and radiology information systems (HIS/RIS) and, when present, the picture archival and communication system (PACS). The early experience with the integration of DR at the Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) has identified several challenges that exist to the successful integration of DR. DR has only recently been defined as a separate Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) modality and images obtained will, at first, be listed under the category of CR. Matrix sizes with some DR products on the market exceed the current size limitations of some PACS. The patient throughput may be substantially greater with DR than with CR, and this in combination with the larger size of image files may result in greater demands for network and computer performance in the process of communication with the HIS/RIS and PACS. Additionally, in a hybrid department using both CR and DR, new rules must be defined for prefetching and display of general radiographic studies to permit these examinations to be retrieved and compared together. Advanced features that are planned for DR systems, such as dual-energy subtraction, tomosynthesis, and temporal subtraction, will likely require additional workstation tools beyond those currently available for CR.
数字放射成像（DR）最近已成为一种有吸引力的替代方案，可在数字环境中用于获取一般放射学研究，以取代计算机放射成像（CR）。它有可能提高空间分辨率和对比度分辨率，由于提高了X射线光子的检测效率而降低辐射剂量，也许最重要的是，有望提高技术人员的工作效率。为实现最高效率，DR必须完全集成到现有信息系统中，包括医院信息系统和放射科信息系统（HIS/RIS），以及（如有）图像存档与通信系统（PACS）。巴尔的摩退伍军人事务医疗中心（VAMC）在DR集成方面的早期经验已经确定了DR成功集成存在的几个挑战。DR直到最近才被定义为一种单独的医学数字成像和通信（DICOM）模式，最初获得的图像将被列为CR类别。市场上一些DR产品的矩阵尺寸超过了一些PACS的当前尺寸限制。DR的患者通量可能比CR大得多，这与更大尺寸的图像文件相结合，可能会在与HIS/RIS和PACS通信过程中对网络和计算机性能提出更高要求。此外，在同时使用CR和DR的混合科室中，必须为一般放射学研究的预取和显示定义新规则，以便能够检索并一起比较这些检查。为DR系统计划的高级功能，如双能减影、断层合成和时间减影，可能需要目前CR可用工具之外的额外工作站工具。
