注册护士与护理专业化：澳大利亚和英国护理教育与技能组合的比较

Enrolled nurses and the professionalisation of nursing: a comparison of nurse education and skill-mix in Australia and the UK.

作者信息

Francis B, Humphreys J

机构信息

School of Post-Compulsory Education and Training, University of Greenwich, London, UK.

出版信息

Int J Nurs Stud. 1999 Apr;36(2):127-35. doi: 10.1016/s0020-7489(99)00006-1.

DOI:10.1016/s0020-7489(99)00006-1

PMID:10376222

Abstract

In the UK prior to 1989 two levels of nurse were trained: first level, or 'Registered Nurses' (RNs), and second Level, or 'Enrolled Nurses' (ENs). In 1989 changes to nurse education driven by 'Project 2000' marked the end of EN training: nurse education moved into the higher education sector and a single type of RN education replaced the original split-level training. Yet in Australia, where RN training has followed a similar path into higher education, the split level training of ENs and RNs has been maintained. The reasons for this difference in approach to ENs are investigated and discussed. The paper goes on to explore the implications and possible outcomes of the two different approaches in terms of the professionalisation of nursing and skill-mix in the health care workforce. Now that some UK nursing bodies are pressing for a degree-led profession, it is suggested that the Australian model may have an advantage, as concerns are being raised that English nurses may 'price themselves out of the market', with the nursing role being encroached upon by non-nurse Health Care Assistants.

摘要

1989年以前，英国培养两种层次的护士：第一层次，即“注册护士”（RNs），以及第二层次，即“登记护士”（ENs）。1989年，由“2000计划”推动的护士教育变革标志着登记护士培训的结束：护士教育进入高等教育领域，单一类型的注册护士教育取代了原来的分层培训。然而，在澳大利亚，注册护士培训也走上了类似的高等教育之路，登记护士和注册护士的分层培训却得以保留。本文对两国在登记护士培训方式上存在这种差异的原因进行了调查和讨论。文章接着探讨了这两种不同方式在护理专业化和医疗保健劳动力技能组合方面的影响及可能产生的结果。鉴于一些英国护理机构正在推动以学位为导向的职业发展，有人认为澳大利亚模式可能具有优势，因为有人担心英国护士可能会“因定价过高而被挤出市场”，护理角色正受到非护士的医疗保健助理的侵蚀。