Pinna A, Morelli M
Department of Toxicology, University of Cagliari, Italy.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 1999 Jul;21(1):93-100. doi: 10.1016/S0893-133X(98)00136-5.
The extended amygdala is composed of the central and medial amygdaloid nucleus which through the sublenticular extended amygdala (SLEA) and the interstitial nucleus of the posterior limb of the anterior commissure (IPAC) merge into the bed nucleus of stria terminals (BST). Based on anatomical connections with limbic areas, the extended amygdala has been proposed to play an important role in cognitive and affective processes. This study examines the effect of the atypical antipsychotic clozapine and the classical antipsychotic haloperidol on Fos-like-immunoreactivity (FLI) induction in areas belonging to the extended amygdala. Acute administration of clozapine (10-20 mg/kg) induced FLI in the central amygdaloid nucleus, IPAC, SLEA, and BST lateral division and, as previously described, in areas connected to the extended amygdala, such as the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens shell. In contrast, acute administration of haloperidol (0.1-1 mg/kg) failed to induce FLI in the BST lateral division and SLEA but increased FLI in the IPAC. A small increase in FLI was observed in the central amygdaloid nucleus after 0.1 but not after 1 mg/kg of haloperidol. The present results, showing a preferential influence of clozapine, as compared to haloperidol, in the extended amygdala propose a new brain structure involved in the pharmacological effects of atypical antipsychotics.
扩展杏仁核由中央杏仁核和内侧杏仁核组成，它们通过豆状核下扩展杏仁核（SLEA）和前连合后肢间质核（IPAC）汇入终纹床核（BST）。基于与边缘系统区域的解剖学联系，扩展杏仁核被认为在认知和情感过程中发挥重要作用。本研究考察了非典型抗精神病药物氯氮平和经典抗精神病药物氟哌啶醇对扩展杏仁核所属区域中Fos样免疫反应性（FLI）诱导的影响。急性给予氯氮平（10 - 20 mg/kg）可诱导中央杏仁核、IPAC、SLEA以及BST外侧部出现FLI，并且如先前所述，在与扩展杏仁核相连的区域，如前额叶皮质和伏隔核壳中也可诱导出现FLI。相比之下，急性给予氟哌啶醇（0.1 - 1 mg/kg）未能在BST外侧部和SLEA中诱导FLI，但可增加IPAC中的FLI。给予0.1 mg/kg氟哌啶醇后，中央杏仁核中观察到FLI有小幅增加，但给予1 mg/kg氟哌啶醇后未观察到增加。与氟哌啶醇相比，本研究结果显示氯氮平对扩展杏仁核有优先影响，这提示扩展杏仁核是参与非典型抗精神病药物药理作用的一个新的脑结构。
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