Lawson T L, McClennan B L, Shirkhoda A
J Clin Ultrasound. 1978 Oct;6(5):297-302. doi: 10.1002/jcu.1870060503.
Sixteen patients with adult polycystic kidney disease (PKD) were studied by gray scale B mode ultrasonography. The nephrosonographic appearance of adult PKD is a spectrum ranging from kidneys of normal size to enlarged kidneys with multiple variable-sized cysts. Strong focal cortical echoes were present in patients with only small cysts in the renal cortex. Hepatic cysts, which appeared as sharply marginated anechoic regions within the liver parenchyma, were detected by ultrasound in 50% of our patients. Hepatic and renal cysts appeared on computed tomograms as sharply defined, ovoid areas of low attenuation. There was good diagnostic correlation between ultrasonography and computed tomograms as sharply defined, ovoid areas of low attenuation. There was good diagnostic correlation between ultrasonography and computed tomography. Ultrasound and computed tomography are accurate methods for diagnosis of adult PKD; however, the ability to diagnose quickly and noninvasively both renal involvement and associated extrarenal involvement makes ultrasound the procedure of choice for diagnosis, screening, and followup.
采用B型灰阶超声对16例成人多囊肾（PKD）患者进行了研究。成人PKD的肾脏超声表现范围较广，从正常大小的肾脏到伴有多个大小不一囊肿的增大肾脏。仅肾皮质有小囊肿的患者存在强局灶性皮质回声。肝囊肿表现为肝实质内边缘清晰的无回声区，在我们50%的患者中通过超声检测到。肝囊肿和肾囊肿在计算机断层扫描上表现为边界清晰的椭圆形低密度区。超声检查与计算机断层扫描之间存在良好的诊断相关性，表现为边界清晰的椭圆形低密度区。超声检查与计算机断层扫描之间存在良好的诊断相关性。超声和计算机断层扫描是诊断成人PKD的准确方法；然而，超声能够快速、无创地诊断肾脏受累情况及相关肾外受累情况，使其成为诊断、筛查和随访的首选检查方法。
