温度和湿度对绵羊痒螨和兔痒螨离体存活的影响。

The effects of temperature and humidity on the off-host survival of Psoroptes ovis and Psoroptes cuniculi.

作者信息

Smith K E, Wall R, Berriatua E, French N P

机构信息

School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, UK.

出版信息

Vet Parasitol. 1999 Jun 30;83(3-4):265-75. doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(99)00063-1.

DOI:10.1016/s0304-4017(99)00063-1

PMID:10423008

Abstract

The effects of both temperature and humidity on the survival of the mites Psoroptes ovis and Psoroptes cuniculi were considered in laboratory assays. When P. ovis and P. cuniculi were maintained at 95% humidity, maximum survival decreased linearly with increasing temperature, from approximately 15 days at 9 degrees C to 5 days at 30 degrees C. There was no significant difference between P. ovis and P. cuniculi in the effects of temperature on maximum survival. Adult male P. ovis and P. cuniculi had lower mean maximum survival than any of the other life cycle stages. There was a small but significant effect of humidity on survival for P. cuniculi; LT50 values were greater at 75-85% r.h. than at 55-65% r.h. The influence of off-host survival and the infestation of naive sheep from mites in the environment on the epidemiology of sheep scab are discussed.

摘要

在实验室检测中，研究了温度和湿度对绵羊痒螨（Psoroptes ovis）和兔痒螨（Psoroptes cuniculi）存活的影响。当绵羊痒螨和兔痒螨处于95%湿度环境时，随着温度升高，最大存活时间呈线性下降，从9℃时的约15天降至30℃时的5天。温度对最大存活时间的影响在绵羊痒螨和兔痒螨之间无显著差异。成年雄性绵羊痒螨和兔痒螨的平均最大存活时间低于其他任何生命周期阶段。湿度对兔痒螨的存活有微小但显著的影响；相对湿度为75 - 85%时的半数致死时间（LT50）值大于相对湿度为55 - 65%时的值。文中讨论了离开宿主后的存活以及环境中螨虫对未感染绵羊的侵袭对羊疥癣流行病学的影响。