Kearns G, Sharma A, Perrott D, Schmidt B, Kaban L, Vargervik K
Center for Craniofacial Anomalies, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1999 Jul;88(1):5-10. doi: 10.1016/s1079-2104(99)70185-x.
The purposes of this investigation were to study the feasibility of placing endosseous implants in children and adolescents with ectodermal dysplasia and to assess the position and stability of such implants during growth. This article reports on 6 subjects with long-term follow-up. Study design. A prospective study was commenced in 1991. Patients with hereditary ectodermal dysplasia who were over the age of 5 years and who presented to the University of California San Francisco Ectodermal Dysplasia Clinic for dental treatment were included and maintained in the study. In each case, clinical and radiographic records were obtained before treatment, immediately after implant placement, at delivery of the prosthesis, and subsequently at yearly intervals. Six subjects are reported, 4 as members of the prospective study group and 2 who had been treated before the study began.
A total of 41 implants (19 maxillary, 22 mandibular) were placed. The average follow-up after implant placement was 7.8 years (range, 6-11 years), and the average time since restoration was 6 years (range, 5-10 years). Forty implants successfully integrated and have been restored. There was no evidence that implant placement or prosthetic rehabilitation resulted in restriction of transverse or sagittal growth. One mandibular implant, placed in a partially dentate 5-year-old, became submerged because of adjacent alveolar development and required placement of a longer abutment. Four maxillary implants placed in a partially dentate 7-year-old also became submerged and required prosthetic revision and the placement of longer abutments.
This preliminary report suggests that endosseous implants can be successfully placed and can provide support for prosthetic restoration in patients with hereditary ectodermal dysplasia. However, vertical dentoalveolar growth results in submergence of the implant relative to the adjacent natural dentition when implants are placed adjacent to erupting permanent teeth.
本研究旨在探讨在患有外胚层发育不全的儿童和青少年中植入骨内种植体的可行性，并评估此类种植体在生长过程中的位置和稳定性。本文报告了6例长期随访的病例。研究设计。1991年开始了一项前瞻性研究。纳入了5岁以上、到加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校外胚层发育不全诊所接受牙科治疗的遗传性外胚层发育不全患者，并将其纳入研究。在每种情况下，在治疗前、种植体植入后立即、义齿交付时以及随后每年获取临床和影像学记录。报告了6例病例，其中4例作为前瞻性研究组的成员，2例在研究开始前已接受治疗。
共植入41枚种植体（上颌19枚，下颌22枚）。种植体植入后的平均随访时间为7.8年（范围6 - 11年），修复后的平均时间为6年（范围5 - 10年）。40枚种植体成功整合并已完成修复。没有证据表明种植体植入或义齿修复导致横向或矢状向生长受限。1枚植入部分牙列的5岁儿童下颌的种植体，由于相邻牙槽骨发育而被埋没，需要更换更长的基台。4枚植入部分牙列的7岁儿童上颌的种植体也被埋没，需要进行义齿修复并更换更长的基台。
本初步报告表明，骨内种植体可以成功植入，并可为遗传性外胚层发育不全患者的义齿修复提供支持。然而，当种植体植入与正在萌出的恒牙相邻时，垂直向牙槽骨生长会导致种植体相对于相邻天然牙列被埋没。
