Cirimele V, Kintz P, Jamey C, Ludes B
Institut de Médecine Légale, Strasbourg, France.
J Anal Toxicol. 1999 Sep;23(5):349-51. doi: 10.1093/jat/23.5.349.
Today, cannabis plants are used in shampoo preparations, in foodstuffs (e.g., oils, noodles, crackers, etc.), and in beverages (e.g., tea). These products often contain < 1% delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in order to eliminate psychoactive effects, but some of them can include 1 to 3% of THC. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of Cannabio shampoo revealed the presence of THC (412 ng/mL) and two constituents of cannabis plants, cannabidiol (CBD, 4079 ng/mL) and cannabinol (CBN, 380 ng/mL). In order to verify if normal hygiene practices with Cannabio shampoo can result in positive tests for cannabinoids in hair, three subjects washed their hair with this shampoo once daily for two weeks. After this period, hair specimens were collected. In the three hair specimens, THC, CBD, and CBN were never detected within their limits of detection, 0.05, 0.02, and 0.01 ng/mg, respectively. We concluded that the use of Cannabio shampoo during normal hygiene practices cannot be considered as a source of potential contamination of hair. In a second experiment, drug-free hair specimens (200 mg) were incubated in 10 mL water/Cannabio shampoo (20:1, v/v) for 30 min, 2 h, and 5 h. After incubation, hair strands were washed with water and separated into two portions. One portion was extracted directly; the second was decontaminated with methylene chloride and then extracted. After an incubation period of 30 min, the analysis of hair by GC-MS did not reveal the presence of THC, CBD, and CBN in hair, regardless of whether the hair was decontaminated. After an incubation period of 2 h, specimens tested positive for CBD (0.11 ng/mg without decontamination and 0.10 ng/mg with decontamination) and CBN (0.02 ng/mg without decontamination and 0.02 ng/mg after decontamination). After an incubation period of 5 h, specimens tested positive for CBD (0.25 ng/mg without decontamination and 0.14 ng/mg after decontamination) and CBN (0.02 ng/mg without decontamination and 0.02 ng/mg after decontamination). In all cases, THC was never detected. Extensive but unrealistic use of Cannabio shampoo can cause drug-free hair to test positive for CBD and CBN but not for the primary psychoactive drug THC.
如今，大麻植物被用于洗发水制剂、食品（如油、面条、饼干等）和饮料（如茶）中。这些产品通常含有低于1%的delta9-四氢大麻酚（THC）以消除精神活性作用，但其中一些产品的THC含量可能为1%至3%。对Cannabio洗发水进行气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析发现其中存在THC（412纳克/毫升）以及大麻植物的两种成分，大麻二酚（CBD，4079纳克/毫升）和大麻酚（CBN，380纳克/毫升）。为了验证使用Cannabio洗发水进行正常的头发清洁是否会导致头发中大麻素检测呈阳性，三名受试者连续两周每天用这款洗发水洗一次头发。在此期间过后，采集了头发样本。在这三个头发样本中，从未在其检测限（分别为0.05、0.02和0.01纳克/毫克）内检测到THC、CBD和CBN。我们得出结论，在正常头发清洁过程中使用Cannabio洗发水不能被视为头发潜在污染的来源。在第二个实验中，将不含药物的头发样本（200毫克）在10毫升水/Cannabio洗发水（20:1，v/v）中分别孵育30分钟、2小时和5小时。孵育后，将头发丝用水冲洗并分成两部分。一部分直接进行提取；另一部分先用二氯甲烷进行净化处理，然后再提取。孵育30分钟后，无论头发是否经过净化处理，通过GC-MS对头发进行分析均未发现头发中存在THC、CBD和CBN。孵育2小时后，样本中CBD检测呈阳性（未净化处理时为0.11纳克/毫克，净化处理后为0.10纳克/毫克），CBN检测也呈阳性（未净化处理时为0.02纳克/毫克，净化处理后为0.02纳克/毫克）。孵育5小时后，样本中CBD检测呈阳性（未净化处理时为0.25纳克/毫克，净化处理后为0.14纳克/毫克），CBN检测同样呈阳性（未净化处理时为0.02纳克/毫克，净化处理后为0.02纳克/毫克）。在所有情况下，均未检测到THC。大量但不切实际地使用Cannabio洗发水会使不含药物的头发检测出CBD和CBN呈阳性，但不会使主要的精神活性药物THC检测呈阳性。
