Díez J C, Fernández-Jalvo Y, Rosell J, Cáceres I
Dpto. CC. Históricas y Geografía, Univ. de Burgos, Villadiego, s/n, Burgos, 09001, Spain.
J Hum Evol. 1999 Sep-Oct;37(3-4):623-52. doi: 10.1006/jhev.1999.0346.
In 1994 and 1995, a 7 m(2)area was excavated at Level 6 of the Gran Dolina site, Atapuerca. A 25 cm deep sub-level, named Aurora Stratum, contained a large number of human fossils, stone tools and faunal remains. The appearance of human remains as part of a butchered faunal assemblage in association with stone tools raises an interesting question relating to human behaviour. The main aim of this paper, therefore, is to evaluate the nature and function of the human occupation at this cave site with a view to understanding the purposes of cannibalism. The zooarchaeological and taphonomic analyses of the macrovertebrate remains focus on species composition, weight and anatomic groups, as well as breakage intensity, type of fragmentation, and surface damage (particularly tool-induced damage) in order to evaluate the faunal source, butchering techniques and economic strategies of the human groups involved. We also studied the distribution and fossil refitting at the site to establish depositional and postdepositional disturbance. Diagenetic breakage due to sediment compression plays an important role in the assemblage, but the most extensive modifications are those produced by human activity for nutritional purposes.
1994年和1995年，在阿塔普埃尔卡的格兰多利纳遗址第6层挖掘出了一块7平方米的区域。一个名为奥罗拉地层的25厘米深的子层中包含大量人类化石、石器和动物遗骸。作为与石器相关的屠宰动物组合一部分的人类遗骸的出现，引发了一个与人类行为相关的有趣问题。因此，本文的主要目的是评估该洞穴遗址人类居住的性质和功能，以期了解食人行为的目的。对大型脊椎动物遗骸的动物考古学和埋藏学分析集中于物种组成、重量和解剖群体，以及破损强度（特别是工具造成的破损）、破碎类型和表面损伤，以便评估动物来源、屠宰技术以及相关人类群体的经济策略。我们还研究了该遗址的分布情况和化石拼接，以确定沉积和沉积后扰动情况。由沉积物压缩导致的成岩破损在该组合中起重要作用，但最广泛的改变是人类出于营养目的的活动所造成的。
